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<p>Tidal rivers in coastal regions worldwide face increasing challenges from climate change, urbanization, and maritime development, necessitating advanced understanding of their complex dynamics for sustainable management. This study explores the hydrodynamic and morphological features of Bangladesh’s Karnafuli River using Delft3D FM Suite. A two-dimensional model was developed, calibrated, and validated with high accuracy. The analysis revealed significant tidal influences and seasonal variations in water levels. Velocities ranged from 0.4 to 1.6&#xa0;m/s, with higher values during wet seasons. Bed shear stress fluctuated between 0.2&#xa0;N/m<sup>2</sup> and 5.5&#xa0;N/m<sup>2</sup> seasonally. Morphological simulations showed realistic erosion and deposition patterns, with maximum changes of 3&#xa0;m after one year. The study also examined a jetty's impact, revealing altered velocity patterns and scouring depths of 0.5–1&#xa0;m nearby. These findings provide critical engineering parameters for the Karnafuli River management. The identified velocity thresholds (1.8&#xa0;m/s flood, 2.0&#xa0;m/s ebb) inform safe navigation windows, the quantified bed shear stress variations (1.4–5.5&#xa0;N/m<sup>2</sup>) enable prediction of erosion-prone zones. For port development, the demonstrated 25–40% tidal range damping and seasonal velocity variations of 0.2–2.0&#xa0;m/s are essential for optimizing maritime operations and dredging schedules. These insights contribute to understanding tidal river dynamics and sustainable water resource management in Bangladesh and similar regions.</p>

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Morphodynamic processes evolution and structural impact assessment of the Karnafuli River

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月18日

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  • Maiesha Nujhat,
  • Badal Mahalder,
  • Md. Sabbir Mostafa Khan,
  • Md. Khairul Amin

摘要

Tidal rivers in coastal regions worldwide face increasing challenges from climate change, urbanization, and maritime development, necessitating advanced understanding of their complex dynamics for sustainable management. This study explores the hydrodynamic and morphological features of Bangladesh’s Karnafuli River using Delft3D FM Suite. A two-dimensional model was developed, calibrated, and validated with high accuracy. The analysis revealed significant tidal influences and seasonal variations in water levels. Velocities ranged from 0.4 to 1.6 m/s, with higher values during wet seasons. Bed shear stress fluctuated between 0.2 N/m2 and 5.5 N/m2 seasonally. Morphological simulations showed realistic erosion and deposition patterns, with maximum changes of 3 m after one year. The study also examined a jetty's impact, revealing altered velocity patterns and scouring depths of 0.5–1 m nearby. These findings provide critical engineering parameters for the Karnafuli River management. The identified velocity thresholds (1.8 m/s flood, 2.0 m/s ebb) inform safe navigation windows, the quantified bed shear stress variations (1.4–5.5 N/m2) enable prediction of erosion-prone zones. For port development, the demonstrated 25–40% tidal range damping and seasonal velocity variations of 0.2–2.0 m/s are essential for optimizing maritime operations and dredging schedules. These insights contribute to understanding tidal river dynamics and sustainable water resource management in Bangladesh and similar regions.