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<p>In developing countries, indoor air pollution (IAP) poses a significant threat to public health, disproportionately affecting women who use solid fuels for cooking. IAP exposure has been linked to various health issues, including pneumonia, heart disease, stroke, lung cancer, and anaemia. Approximately 500 million women of reproductive age (WRA) globally are affected by anaemia, with sub-Saharan Africa accounting for a startling 190 million of these instances. This study explores the connection between IAP exposure and anaemia among WRA in Ghana using fractal-fractional approach in the Caputo sense. The stability analysis of the Caputo fractal-fractional model solutions was conducted using the Ulam-Hyers and Ulam-Hyers-Rassias theorems. We further realised that the fractal dimension and fractional order values obtained unique trajectories and converged to unity in their respective compartments. The numerical simulations and 3D graphs were also used to exemplify how some parameters significantly influenced the dynamics of the anaemia model in the population. We recommend the use of cleaner fuels like liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) or electricity for cooking instead of biomass fuels.</p>

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Modelling the dynamics of exposure to smoke from solid cooking fuels and anaemia among women in rural areas

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月20日

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  • Isaac K. Adu,
  • Stephen B. Lassong,
  • Fredrick A. Wireko,
  • Sarfo K. Frempong,
  • Frank O. Frimpong,
  • Samuel A. Adarkwa,
  • Joshua Kiddy K. Asamoah

摘要

In developing countries, indoor air pollution (IAP) poses a significant threat to public health, disproportionately affecting women who use solid fuels for cooking. IAP exposure has been linked to various health issues, including pneumonia, heart disease, stroke, lung cancer, and anaemia. Approximately 500 million women of reproductive age (WRA) globally are affected by anaemia, with sub-Saharan Africa accounting for a startling 190 million of these instances. This study explores the connection between IAP exposure and anaemia among WRA in Ghana using fractal-fractional approach in the Caputo sense. The stability analysis of the Caputo fractal-fractional model solutions was conducted using the Ulam-Hyers and Ulam-Hyers-Rassias theorems. We further realised that the fractal dimension and fractional order values obtained unique trajectories and converged to unity in their respective compartments. The numerical simulations and 3D graphs were also used to exemplify how some parameters significantly influenced the dynamics of the anaemia model in the population. We recommend the use of cleaner fuels like liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) or electricity for cooking instead of biomass fuels.