Dengue fever poses a global health challenge and has a substantial economic impact on the world economy. Various epidemic models have been studied to gain a better understanding of transmission patterns and formulate efficient control strategies for this global infection. In this paper, we investigate the transmission dynamics of dengue fever using a novel mathematical model with double susceptibility and partial immunity. Both symptomatic and asymptomatic infections are considered in the model formulation. The dynamics of the model are evaluated through the basic reproduction number \(\mathcal {R}_0\) . We have proved that the model is stable at the disease-free equilibrium for \(\mathcal {R}_0\) is less than 1, and it is globally asymptotically stable under certain conditions. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the infection will persist uniformly in the system if \(\mathcal {R}_0\) exceeds 1. The most sensitive factors influencing the infection incidence are evaluated using the well-known normalized sensitivity analysis. We found that the biting rate and birth rate of infected mosquitoes substantially contribute to dengue infection. Optimal control theory is then used to obtain the best control strategy for eradicating the infection. For this purpose, we incorporate three time-dependent control variables, namely, larvicide mosquito strategies, preventive measures to minimize human-mosquito contacts, and proper treatment or medication. The model is simulated by considering four scenarios that combine the different control variables. These results indicate that the implementation of all control measures simultaneously is necessary for the early eradication of infection in both populations.
