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<p>Life History Theory (LHT) proposes that early environmental conditions shape individual differences in resource allocation strategies along a fast-slow continuum. This study examined the differential effects of perceived childhood harshness and unpredictability on life history strategies in a non-WEIRD Turkish sample, while also adapting and validating the Turkish versions of the Perceived Childhood Harshness and Unpredictability Scale (CHU) and the Arizona Life History Battery Short Form (K-SF-42). A total of 635 volunteers (aged 18–67; 74.5% female) completed an online survey. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed acceptable model fit for both scales (CHU: CFI = 0.932; K-SF-42: CFI = 0.927), with high reliability (α and ω ≥ 0.74) and strong measurement invariance across gender (full invariance for the K-SF-42; scalar invariance for the CHU). Structural equation modeling revealed that childhood unpredictability significantly and negatively predicted the General K factor (β = −0.53, <i>p</i> &lt; .001), whereas harshness did not (β = 0.02, <i>p</i> = .746), together explaining 27.3% of variance. Higher General K scores were associated with a later age at first sexual intercourse. These findings support the view that environmental unpredictability constitutes a more decisive developmental signal than harshness in calibrating life history strategies, extending core LHT predictions to a non-WEIRD cultural context. The Turkish adaptations of both instruments demonstrated sound psychometric properties, providing reliable tools for future cross-cultural evolutionary research.</p>

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Adaptive Calibration of Life History Strategy in Türkiye: The Role of Childhood Unpredictability

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月9日

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  • Mustafa Gökmen Coşgun,
  • Lütfiye Söğütlü

摘要

Life History Theory (LHT) proposes that early environmental conditions shape individual differences in resource allocation strategies along a fast-slow continuum. This study examined the differential effects of perceived childhood harshness and unpredictability on life history strategies in a non-WEIRD Turkish sample, while also adapting and validating the Turkish versions of the Perceived Childhood Harshness and Unpredictability Scale (CHU) and the Arizona Life History Battery Short Form (K-SF-42). A total of 635 volunteers (aged 18–67; 74.5% female) completed an online survey. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed acceptable model fit for both scales (CHU: CFI = 0.932; K-SF-42: CFI = 0.927), with high reliability (α and ω ≥ 0.74) and strong measurement invariance across gender (full invariance for the K-SF-42; scalar invariance for the CHU). Structural equation modeling revealed that childhood unpredictability significantly and negatively predicted the General K factor (β = −0.53, p < .001), whereas harshness did not (β = 0.02, p = .746), together explaining 27.3% of variance. Higher General K scores were associated with a later age at first sexual intercourse. These findings support the view that environmental unpredictability constitutes a more decisive developmental signal than harshness in calibrating life history strategies, extending core LHT predictions to a non-WEIRD cultural context. The Turkish adaptations of both instruments demonstrated sound psychometric properties, providing reliable tools for future cross-cultural evolutionary research.