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<p>Due to corrosion, fatigue, welding defects and especially crack-related defects, timely inspection is essential to ensure the safety of pressure vessels. Nondestructive testing (NDT) is a non-invasive method used to assess these vessels' reliability. This study uses NDT techniques to investigate crack damage in cryogenic pressure vessels by creating artificial notches to simulate internal cracks. Three ultrasonic testing methods—conventional, time-of-flight diffraction (TOFD), and phased array—were employed. Probability of detection (POD) data were collected and fitted using three function models (two-parameter Weibull, exponential, and power function) to generate POD curves at 50% and 95% confidence levels. The study reveals that phased array ultrasonic testing achieves a detection rate of 76% for cracks ranging from 0.1&#xa0;mm to 1.0&#xa0;mm, outperforming the other methods. Among the function models, the two-parameter Weibull function closely approximates the ideal hit/miss model, while the exponential function model shows better fit with increasing NDT reliability.</p>

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Analysis of Detection Probability Curve of Ultrasonic Testing for Inner Surface Cracks in Long-Term Service Pressure Vessels

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月11日

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  • L. Wu,
  • W. Zhang,
  • S. Liu,
  • Z. Liu,
  • Y. Xing,
  • Y. Li,
  • S. Ao

摘要

Due to corrosion, fatigue, welding defects and especially crack-related defects, timely inspection is essential to ensure the safety of pressure vessels. Nondestructive testing (NDT) is a non-invasive method used to assess these vessels' reliability. This study uses NDT techniques to investigate crack damage in cryogenic pressure vessels by creating artificial notches to simulate internal cracks. Three ultrasonic testing methods—conventional, time-of-flight diffraction (TOFD), and phased array—were employed. Probability of detection (POD) data were collected and fitted using three function models (two-parameter Weibull, exponential, and power function) to generate POD curves at 50% and 95% confidence levels. The study reveals that phased array ultrasonic testing achieves a detection rate of 76% for cracks ranging from 0.1 mm to 1.0 mm, outperforming the other methods. Among the function models, the two-parameter Weibull function closely approximates the ideal hit/miss model, while the exponential function model shows better fit with increasing NDT reliability.