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<p>The structural movement and damage of overburden are closely correlated with mining disturbances. This study investigates the structural movement and damage features of overburden in deep, thick coal seam mining, using the Hongqinghe coal mine as a case study. The research employs physical modeling, PFC<sup>2D</sup> numerical simulations, and nonlinear regression methods. The results indicate that the first weighting interval of the main roof is around 70&#xa0;m, followed by a periodic weighting interval of around 20&#xa0;m. The distribution of cracks is effectively characterized by the fractal dimension of the overburden, which increases gradually as the coal seam is excavated. According to the modeling results, the overburden’s structural instability is caused by the stress concentration breaking parallel linkages between particles. The majority of the microcracks (about 75%) are shear cracks, which are the primary cause of overburden destruction. Elastic strain energy is used to store external energy in the early phases of energy evolution. The damage is exacerbated during mining, as evidenced by the damage variable <i>D</i> quickly rising from 0.3 to almost 1. The fractal dimension, total energy, microcrack count, and damage variables all exhibit strong positive associations. Furthermore, the developed multiple linear regression model clarifies the inherent correlations between the mechanical indices with an adjusted <i>R</i><sup>2</sup> of 0.975 and an <i>F</i>-value of 670.134. This study offers theoretical support for reducing the dangers of overburden failure and instability in coal mines.</p>

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Nonlinear regression analysis of overburden structure movement and damage features in deep thick coal seam mining: Physical experiment and numerical simulation

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月20日

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  • Hua Bian,
  • Yixin Zhao,
  • Liangchen Zhao,
  • Yuan Wang,
  • Hongrui Yang,
  • Jian Hao,
  • Yaodong Jiang

摘要

The structural movement and damage of overburden are closely correlated with mining disturbances. This study investigates the structural movement and damage features of overburden in deep, thick coal seam mining, using the Hongqinghe coal mine as a case study. The research employs physical modeling, PFC2D numerical simulations, and nonlinear regression methods. The results indicate that the first weighting interval of the main roof is around 70 m, followed by a periodic weighting interval of around 20 m. The distribution of cracks is effectively characterized by the fractal dimension of the overburden, which increases gradually as the coal seam is excavated. According to the modeling results, the overburden’s structural instability is caused by the stress concentration breaking parallel linkages between particles. The majority of the microcracks (about 75%) are shear cracks, which are the primary cause of overburden destruction. Elastic strain energy is used to store external energy in the early phases of energy evolution. The damage is exacerbated during mining, as evidenced by the damage variable D quickly rising from 0.3 to almost 1. The fractal dimension, total energy, microcrack count, and damage variables all exhibit strong positive associations. Furthermore, the developed multiple linear regression model clarifies the inherent correlations between the mechanical indices with an adjusted R2 of 0.975 and an F-value of 670.134. This study offers theoretical support for reducing the dangers of overburden failure and instability in coal mines.