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<p>The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic underscored the critical importance of public knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions (KAP) in managing infectious disease outbreaks and informing sustainable health policies. This study examines post-COVID-19 knowledge, attitudes, perceptions, and preventive awareness among university students at the Federal University of Technology, Akure (FUTA), Nigeria, using the KAP framework augmented by constructs from the Health Belief Model (HBM) and the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB). A cross-sectional survey of 500 students across nine academic schools was conducted in February 2023. Descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation analysis were used to examine relationships among knowledge, beliefs, and behaviours, revealing generally weak linear associations, suggesting complex, non-linear behavioural dynamics. To uncover latent behavioural patterns, unsupervised machine learning techniques: K-means clustering, and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) were applied, identifying three distinct behavioural profiles: compliant knowledgeables, high-conformity but misinformed individuals, and cautiously aware but less active students. Multiple linear regression was further employed to assess the influence of demographic factors on preventive practices, with gender, religion, academic level, and faculty emerging as significant predictors. By integrating behavioural theory with data-driven modelling, the study provides actionable insights for designing targeted interventions, strengthening campus-level health strategies, and enhancing preparedness for future infectious disease outbreaks.</p>

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Post-COVID Health Behaviours and Perceptions Among Nigerian University Students: Insights for Sustainable Public Health Policy and Future Pandemic Preparedness

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月11日

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  • Abimbola H. Afolayan,
  • Chukwuemeka C. Ugwu

摘要

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic underscored the critical importance of public knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions (KAP) in managing infectious disease outbreaks and informing sustainable health policies. This study examines post-COVID-19 knowledge, attitudes, perceptions, and preventive awareness among university students at the Federal University of Technology, Akure (FUTA), Nigeria, using the KAP framework augmented by constructs from the Health Belief Model (HBM) and the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB). A cross-sectional survey of 500 students across nine academic schools was conducted in February 2023. Descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation analysis were used to examine relationships among knowledge, beliefs, and behaviours, revealing generally weak linear associations, suggesting complex, non-linear behavioural dynamics. To uncover latent behavioural patterns, unsupervised machine learning techniques: K-means clustering, and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) were applied, identifying three distinct behavioural profiles: compliant knowledgeables, high-conformity but misinformed individuals, and cautiously aware but less active students. Multiple linear regression was further employed to assess the influence of demographic factors on preventive practices, with gender, religion, academic level, and faculty emerging as significant predictors. By integrating behavioural theory with data-driven modelling, the study provides actionable insights for designing targeted interventions, strengthening campus-level health strategies, and enhancing preparedness for future infectious disease outbreaks.