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Objective <p>Obesity is highly prevalent in individuals with severe mental disorders (SMD) and contributes to increased morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to investigate the clinical and treatment-related correlates of obesity in patients with SMD in a real-world outpatient setting.</p> Methods <p>This cross-sectional retrospective study included 296 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, or bipolar disorder. Sociodemographic and clinical data were obtained from the patients’ medical records. Obesity was defined as a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30&#xa0;kg/m<sup>2</sup>. Group comparisons were performed using parametric and non-parametric tests, as appropriate. Correlation analyses and multivariate logistic regression were conducted to identify factors associated with obesity.</p> Results <p>Of the 296 patients in the study, 160 were diagnosed with psychotic disorders and 136 with bipolar disorders. Of the total sample, 121 were female and 175 were male. The mean BMI of the sample was 30.2 ± 6.2&#xa0;kg/m<sup>2</sup>. Obesity was associated with a lower education level (<i>p</i> = 0.011), a higher number of hospitalizations (<i>p</i> = 0.010), and increased psychiatric comorbidity (<i>p</i> = 0.037). No significant associations were found between obesity and antipsychotic use, antipsychotic polypharmacy, or the total medication count. BMI showed weak positive correlations with age (r = 0.138, <i>p</i> = 0.018) and hospitalization frequency (r = 0.181, <i>p</i> = 0.002) and a negative correlation with education (r = − 0.141, <i>p</i> = 0.015). In multivariable analysis, hospitalization frequency emerged as an independent predictor of obesity (OR = 1.10, 95% CI: 1.02–1.17, <i>p</i> = 0.007).</p> Conclusion <p>Obesity in patients with SMD appears to be more strongly associated with sociodemographic and illness-related factors than with pharmacological variables alone. These findings highlight the importance of comprehensive multidisciplinary interventions targeting psychosocial functioning and clinical burden alongside pharmacological management.</p>

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Investıgation of the Relationship Between Clinical Characteristics and Obesity Levels in Individuals with Severe Mental Disorders

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月1日

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  • Ayşe Köksal

摘要

Objective

Obesity is highly prevalent in individuals with severe mental disorders (SMD) and contributes to increased morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to investigate the clinical and treatment-related correlates of obesity in patients with SMD in a real-world outpatient setting.

Methods

This cross-sectional retrospective study included 296 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, or bipolar disorder. Sociodemographic and clinical data were obtained from the patients’ medical records. Obesity was defined as a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2. Group comparisons were performed using parametric and non-parametric tests, as appropriate. Correlation analyses and multivariate logistic regression were conducted to identify factors associated with obesity.

Results

Of the 296 patients in the study, 160 were diagnosed with psychotic disorders and 136 with bipolar disorders. Of the total sample, 121 were female and 175 were male. The mean BMI of the sample was 30.2 ± 6.2 kg/m2. Obesity was associated with a lower education level (p = 0.011), a higher number of hospitalizations (p = 0.010), and increased psychiatric comorbidity (p = 0.037). No significant associations were found between obesity and antipsychotic use, antipsychotic polypharmacy, or the total medication count. BMI showed weak positive correlations with age (r = 0.138, p = 0.018) and hospitalization frequency (r = 0.181, p = 0.002) and a negative correlation with education (r = − 0.141, p = 0.015). In multivariable analysis, hospitalization frequency emerged as an independent predictor of obesity (OR = 1.10, 95% CI: 1.02–1.17, p = 0.007).

Conclusion

Obesity in patients with SMD appears to be more strongly associated with sociodemographic and illness-related factors than with pharmacological variables alone. These findings highlight the importance of comprehensive multidisciplinary interventions targeting psychosocial functioning and clinical burden alongside pharmacological management.