<p>The purpose of this review is to understand the unique soft and hard skills required by the individuals in the Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) to secure a job in an institution. Further the purpose is to evaluate the factors that can affect engagement of such individuals while on job. The review has collected literature by extensive search of databases such as PubMed, PsycINFO, ERIC, Google Scholar, Web of Science and Scopus and analyzed for the existing scenarios regarding employment and engagement. Early intervention followed by community, family, agencies’, and school support is essential. Long term supported employment seems most suitable. Both hard skills and soft skills are necessary for employment and engagement. Employer awareness and workplace accommodations are crucial. Many challenges exist such as bias, stigma, and policy gaps etc. that need to be addressed with awareness building strategies. The review has highlighted the importance of early intervention and long-term support. The review also advocates for strength based and collaborative approaches to employment strategies. In future, an interdisciplinary approach to research can ensure that workplaces are truly inclusive and lead to sustainable employment and meaningful engagement for those with ASD. A strength-based approach with personalized job alignment is recommended.</p>

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Employability Skills and Engaging Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): A Narrative Review

  • Malini G. Unnithan,
  • K. A. Janardhanan

摘要

The purpose of this review is to understand the unique soft and hard skills required by the individuals in the Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) to secure a job in an institution. Further the purpose is to evaluate the factors that can affect engagement of such individuals while on job. The review has collected literature by extensive search of databases such as PubMed, PsycINFO, ERIC, Google Scholar, Web of Science and Scopus and analyzed for the existing scenarios regarding employment and engagement. Early intervention followed by community, family, agencies’, and school support is essential. Long term supported employment seems most suitable. Both hard skills and soft skills are necessary for employment and engagement. Employer awareness and workplace accommodations are crucial. Many challenges exist such as bias, stigma, and policy gaps etc. that need to be addressed with awareness building strategies. The review has highlighted the importance of early intervention and long-term support. The review also advocates for strength based and collaborative approaches to employment strategies. In future, an interdisciplinary approach to research can ensure that workplaces are truly inclusive and lead to sustainable employment and meaningful engagement for those with ASD. A strength-based approach with personalized job alignment is recommended.