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<p>Many conventional coating repair methods are effective only when damage is externally visible and often involve complex procedures and long repair cycles. These approaches are inadequate for addressing chemically induced microcracks that propagate within the coating matrix. This limitation has led to the development of self-healing polymeric systems capable of restoring structural integrity and enhancing protective performance. In this study, urea–formaldehyde microcapsules containing graphene oxide functionalized with leaf extract were successfully synthesized via in-situ polymerization. FTIR analysis confirmed the functional modification of graphene oxide, while SEM analysis verified the formation of well-defined microcapsules. The average particle size of MC GO was found to be 24.751&#xa0;μm, whereas MC GO–AI exhibited an increased size of 34.932&#xa0;μm, indicating the influence of bio-functionalization on capsule formation. Thermal analysis (TGA–DTA) revealed improved thermal stability of MC GO–AI compared to MC GO. The anti-corrosion performance was evaluated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), potentiodynamic polarization, contact angle measurements, and salt spray testing, demonstrating enhanced protective behavior of the modified system.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Encapsulation of Functionalised Graphene Oxide in Urea-Formaldehyde Shells: A Novel Chemical Route for Corrosion Resistance of Metal Coatings

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月30日

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  • S. Aiswarya,
  • S. Sruthipriya,
  • D. Nalini

摘要

Many conventional coating repair methods are effective only when damage is externally visible and often involve complex procedures and long repair cycles. These approaches are inadequate for addressing chemically induced microcracks that propagate within the coating matrix. This limitation has led to the development of self-healing polymeric systems capable of restoring structural integrity and enhancing protective performance. In this study, urea–formaldehyde microcapsules containing graphene oxide functionalized with leaf extract were successfully synthesized via in-situ polymerization. FTIR analysis confirmed the functional modification of graphene oxide, while SEM analysis verified the formation of well-defined microcapsules. The average particle size of MC GO was found to be 24.751 μm, whereas MC GO–AI exhibited an increased size of 34.932 μm, indicating the influence of bio-functionalization on capsule formation. Thermal analysis (TGA–DTA) revealed improved thermal stability of MC GO–AI compared to MC GO. The anti-corrosion performance was evaluated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), potentiodynamic polarization, contact angle measurements, and salt spray testing, demonstrating enhanced protective behavior of the modified system.

Graphical Abstract