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<p>316&#xa0;L stainless steel has widespread applications in biomedical implants but undergoes ion leaching and surface degradation in bodily fluids. For this research, anti-corrosion and bioactive coatings were developed from electropolymerized 4-nicotinamido-4-oxo-2-butenoic acid (NOBA) with graphene oxide (GO) or zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles. Coatings were synthesized via cyclic voltammetry and characterized by SEM, AFM, FTIR, and contact angle measurements. Corrosion resistance was assessed by potentiodynamic polarization and EIS in simulated body fluid, while cytocompatibility was assessed in human dermal fibroblasts by MTT assays. Metal ion release was quantified using ICP-OES. ZnO-containing coatings exhibited lower surface roughness and higher barrier capacity compared to the other coatings, and both nanocomposite coatings maintained &gt; 95% cell viability. There were significant reductions in corrosion current density and Ni/Cr ion release (&gt; 70%). These outcomes justify the use of NOBA-based nanocomposite coatings to improve 316&#xa0;L stainless steel implant strength and biocompatibility.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Bioactive Polymeric Nanocoatings Based on 4-Nicotinamido-4-Oxo-2-Butenoic Acid for Enhanced Corrosion Resistance and Biocompatibility of Implantable 316 L Stainless Steel

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月13日

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  • Zahra Al Timimi,
  • Bashir Gide,
  • Zeina J. M. Tamimi

摘要

316 L stainless steel has widespread applications in biomedical implants but undergoes ion leaching and surface degradation in bodily fluids. For this research, anti-corrosion and bioactive coatings were developed from electropolymerized 4-nicotinamido-4-oxo-2-butenoic acid (NOBA) with graphene oxide (GO) or zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles. Coatings were synthesized via cyclic voltammetry and characterized by SEM, AFM, FTIR, and contact angle measurements. Corrosion resistance was assessed by potentiodynamic polarization and EIS in simulated body fluid, while cytocompatibility was assessed in human dermal fibroblasts by MTT assays. Metal ion release was quantified using ICP-OES. ZnO-containing coatings exhibited lower surface roughness and higher barrier capacity compared to the other coatings, and both nanocomposite coatings maintained > 95% cell viability. There were significant reductions in corrosion current density and Ni/Cr ion release (> 70%). These outcomes justify the use of NOBA-based nanocomposite coatings to improve 316 L stainless steel implant strength and biocompatibility.

Graphical Abstract