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<p>Biodegradable metals offer a promising possibility for biomedical implants due to their capacity to be implanted in the time needed until the bone or cardiovascular malfunction is restored. Zinc (Zn) is among these materials, yet its mechanical, corrosion, and biological properties can be enhanced through methodologies such as alloying to render it suitable for implantation. In this study, eleven Zn alloys, five binary and six ternary, were cast, and their microstructure, hardness, corrosion resistance, and cytocompatibility were evaluated. Microstructural analysis, employing scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and X-ray diffraction (XRD), revealed a homogenized structure in alloys containing magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), and copper (Cu), correlating with superior mechanical performance. Specifically, ZnMg alloy exhibited a hardness increase of 53.7%, ZnMn by 78.7%, and ZnCu by 49.7%. Ternary alloys, such as ZnMgFe (168.2%), ZnMgMn (143.3%), and ZnMgCu (141.2%), displayed enhanced mechanical properties compared to pure Zn. Electrochemical tests demonstrated reduced corrosion rates for the alloys, with values in the range of 0.030–0.124&#xa0;mm/year compared to 0.15&#xa0;mm/year for pure Zn. In the subsequent biological characterization, selected materials underwent cell viability assays with osteoblasts and endothelial cells. ZnMgFe, ZnMgMn, and ZnMnFe emerged as promising candidates for cardiovascular applications, exhibiting no cytotoxicity with endothelial cells. Moreover, ZnMn, ZnMgMn, and ZnMnFe demonstrated reduced cytotoxicity compared to pure Zn with osteoblasts, suggesting their potential for orthopedic applications.</p>

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Screening of Zn Alloys for Cardiovascular and Bone Applications: Effect of the Alloying Elements

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月2日

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  • Guillermo Domínguez López,
  • Paul Luis Williams,
  • Javier LLorca,
  • Mónica Echeverry-Rendón

摘要

Biodegradable metals offer a promising possibility for biomedical implants due to their capacity to be implanted in the time needed until the bone or cardiovascular malfunction is restored. Zinc (Zn) is among these materials, yet its mechanical, corrosion, and biological properties can be enhanced through methodologies such as alloying to render it suitable for implantation. In this study, eleven Zn alloys, five binary and six ternary, were cast, and their microstructure, hardness, corrosion resistance, and cytocompatibility were evaluated. Microstructural analysis, employing scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and X-ray diffraction (XRD), revealed a homogenized structure in alloys containing magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), and copper (Cu), correlating with superior mechanical performance. Specifically, ZnMg alloy exhibited a hardness increase of 53.7%, ZnMn by 78.7%, and ZnCu by 49.7%. Ternary alloys, such as ZnMgFe (168.2%), ZnMgMn (143.3%), and ZnMgCu (141.2%), displayed enhanced mechanical properties compared to pure Zn. Electrochemical tests demonstrated reduced corrosion rates for the alloys, with values in the range of 0.030–0.124 mm/year compared to 0.15 mm/year for pure Zn. In the subsequent biological characterization, selected materials underwent cell viability assays with osteoblasts and endothelial cells. ZnMgFe, ZnMgMn, and ZnMnFe emerged as promising candidates for cardiovascular applications, exhibiting no cytotoxicity with endothelial cells. Moreover, ZnMn, ZnMgMn, and ZnMnFe demonstrated reduced cytotoxicity compared to pure Zn with osteoblasts, suggesting their potential for orthopedic applications.