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<p>This study explores the integration of bio-waste-derived calcium compounds (CaO and CaCO₃) synthesized from eggshells into recycled Al-5Mg alloys to create hybrid dual-phase reinforced composites. Calcined at 900&#xa0;°C to 1100&#xa0;°C, these compounds were incorporated to exploit the synergistic reinforcement effects of both CaO and CaCO₃ phases for improved structural and thermal performance. FTIR, SEM, and XRD characterization confirmed successful dispersion of nanoparticles sized between 10 and 20&#xa0;nm within the aluminium matrix. Mechanical testing demonstrated a 17.14% increase in hardness (from 70 to 82 BHN) and a 50% increase in tensile strength (from 120 to 180&#xa0;MPa), although ductility decreased from 1.35% to 0.85%. Dual-phase reinforcement significantly improved wear resistance and minimized surface damage under various loads. Thermal conductivity rose notably from 118&#xa0;W/m⋅K to 245&#xa0;W/m⋅K. This work introduces a novel dual-phase reinforcement strategy using CaO and CaCO₃ derived from eggshell waste, achieving balanced improvements in strength, wear resistance, and thermal conductivity compared to single-phase reinforcements reported in earlier studies. The developed composites are highly suited for next-generation automotive and aerospace components where lightweight materials with superior structural and thermal performance are essential.</p>

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Sustainable Dual-Phase Reinforcement of Recycled Aluminium Alloys Using Eggshell-Derived Calcium Compounds for Enhanced Mechanical and Thermal Properties

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月6日

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  • P. Srinath,
  • C. Bhagyanathan,
  • J. Gottmyers Melwyn,
  • G. Sathiyaseelan

摘要

This study explores the integration of bio-waste-derived calcium compounds (CaO and CaCO₃) synthesized from eggshells into recycled Al-5Mg alloys to create hybrid dual-phase reinforced composites. Calcined at 900 °C to 1100 °C, these compounds were incorporated to exploit the synergistic reinforcement effects of both CaO and CaCO₃ phases for improved structural and thermal performance. FTIR, SEM, and XRD characterization confirmed successful dispersion of nanoparticles sized between 10 and 20 nm within the aluminium matrix. Mechanical testing demonstrated a 17.14% increase in hardness (from 70 to 82 BHN) and a 50% increase in tensile strength (from 120 to 180 MPa), although ductility decreased from 1.35% to 0.85%. Dual-phase reinforcement significantly improved wear resistance and minimized surface damage under various loads. Thermal conductivity rose notably from 118 W/m⋅K to 245 W/m⋅K. This work introduces a novel dual-phase reinforcement strategy using CaO and CaCO₃ derived from eggshell waste, achieving balanced improvements in strength, wear resistance, and thermal conductivity compared to single-phase reinforcements reported in earlier studies. The developed composites are highly suited for next-generation automotive and aerospace components where lightweight materials with superior structural and thermal performance are essential.