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<p>The potential depletion of oil resources, combined with the limited biodegradability of mineral oil-based lubricants, has highlighted the importance of developing bio-based lubricants. As a result, vegetable oils have gained social attention and are widely recognised as an environmentally friendly alternative to petroleum and mineral-based lubricants due to their admirable properties such as biodegradability, low toxicity, and renewable nature. Since, the vegetable oils are composed of long chain unsaturated fatty acids, the antiwear performance of vegetable oils can be predicted by considering the structural relationship between their anti-wear properties and the chemical structures. This study utilises quantum chemical calculations to analyse the tribological properties of the various fatty acid components found in Karanja oil, rather than studying their triglyceride ester molecules. The acquired results are rigorously verified using published data’s and compared with experimental tribological test outcomes obtained from four-ball tester. The addition of 2 wt% ZDDP in Karanja oil showed an improvement in wear scar diameter by 40% and about 29% of coefficient of friction from the base oil. The tribological test showed that the presence of ZDDP additive enhances the antiwear property of Karanja oil. A strong correlation was also observed between the experimental results and the chosen quantum chemical descriptors.</p>

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Investigation of the Anti-Wear Characteristics of Karanja Oil Using Tribological Testing and Quantum Chemical Calculations

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月17日

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  • Krishnaprasad S Menon,
  • R. Ambigai

摘要

The potential depletion of oil resources, combined with the limited biodegradability of mineral oil-based lubricants, has highlighted the importance of developing bio-based lubricants. As a result, vegetable oils have gained social attention and are widely recognised as an environmentally friendly alternative to petroleum and mineral-based lubricants due to their admirable properties such as biodegradability, low toxicity, and renewable nature. Since, the vegetable oils are composed of long chain unsaturated fatty acids, the antiwear performance of vegetable oils can be predicted by considering the structural relationship between their anti-wear properties and the chemical structures. This study utilises quantum chemical calculations to analyse the tribological properties of the various fatty acid components found in Karanja oil, rather than studying their triglyceride ester molecules. The acquired results are rigorously verified using published data’s and compared with experimental tribological test outcomes obtained from four-ball tester. The addition of 2 wt% ZDDP in Karanja oil showed an improvement in wear scar diameter by 40% and about 29% of coefficient of friction from the base oil. The tribological test showed that the presence of ZDDP additive enhances the antiwear property of Karanja oil. A strong correlation was also observed between the experimental results and the chosen quantum chemical descriptors.