Bio-prospective of Acidophile Microorganisms in Biodegradation of NSAIDs

The presence of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in various environments poses a significant challenge due to their widespread volume, complexity, and harmful effects on environment and human health. NSAIDs elimination from the ecosystem has become an urgent priority. Therefore, the present study focuses on evaluating specific microorganisms capable of effectively remediating pharmaceutical wastewater and reducing NSAIDs contamination. Acidophile microorganisms exhibit unique survival abilities in acidic conditions and demonstrate the potential for degrading pharmaceutical compounds in wastewater. These microorganisms utilize these compounds as their sole carbon and energy sources, converting them into valuable bioproducts. Acidophile microorganisms display various functional processes, including biodegradation, biotransformation, biosorption, and bioaccumulation. It is noteworthy that bioaccumulation is mostly found in microalgae since they have more protein to uptake NSAIDs. A detailed understanding of bioaccumulation in acidophile microorganisms is recommended as degradation mechanisms. In addition, metabolites can be acknowledged by omics approaches since it has yet to be exposed.