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Purpose of Review <p>Bamboo has emerged as a pivotal sustainable resource for achieving carbon neutrality, mitigating plastic pollution, and alleviating global timber shortages, owing to its rapid growth, high biomass productivity, and carbon sequestration potential. However, the inherent recalcitrance of lignin—a critical determinant of bamboo’s mechanical strength—poses significant challenges to energy-efficient fiber processing and cellulose utilization, hindering its industrial scalability as a plastic alternative. While current research has established preliminary frameworks for bamboo valorization, systemic gaps persist in understanding the genetic regulation of lignin biosynthesis, the relationships between microstructure and function, and the development of scalable green processing technologies.</p> Recent Findings <p>This review synthesizes advances and limitations in bamboo lignin research, highlighting the dual role of lignin as both a structural enhancer and a processing barrier. We propose a multi-omics-driven approach to study lignin deposition, cell wall architecture, and fiber plasticity. This approach integrates genomics, transcriptomics, and multiscale material engineering to unravel the genetic and molecular mechanisms controlling these processes. Key priorities include identifying lignin-modifying genes, elucidating the dynamics of cellulose-lignin interfacial interactions, and developing hierarchical material design strategies for tunable bamboo composites.</p> Summary <p>By bridging fundamental research with industrial applications, this work provides a roadmap for advancing bamboo-based plastic alternatives, aligning with the “Bamboo as a Substitute for Plastic” initiative launched by the Chinese Government and the International Bamboo and Rattan Organization. The integration of genetic innovation, structure-guided processing, and closed-loop lignin valorization promises to transform bamboo into a high-performance, eco-friendly material, driving sustainable transitions in global manufacturing and circular bioeconomies.</p>

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Lignin Biosynthesis and Genetic Regulation in Bamboo: Toward Cell Wall Engineering for Sustainable Plastic Alternatives

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月6日

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  • Huayu Sun,
  • Xiaolin Di,
  • Zhimin Gao

摘要

Purpose of Review

Bamboo has emerged as a pivotal sustainable resource for achieving carbon neutrality, mitigating plastic pollution, and alleviating global timber shortages, owing to its rapid growth, high biomass productivity, and carbon sequestration potential. However, the inherent recalcitrance of lignin—a critical determinant of bamboo’s mechanical strength—poses significant challenges to energy-efficient fiber processing and cellulose utilization, hindering its industrial scalability as a plastic alternative. While current research has established preliminary frameworks for bamboo valorization, systemic gaps persist in understanding the genetic regulation of lignin biosynthesis, the relationships between microstructure and function, and the development of scalable green processing technologies.

Recent Findings

This review synthesizes advances and limitations in bamboo lignin research, highlighting the dual role of lignin as both a structural enhancer and a processing barrier. We propose a multi-omics-driven approach to study lignin deposition, cell wall architecture, and fiber plasticity. This approach integrates genomics, transcriptomics, and multiscale material engineering to unravel the genetic and molecular mechanisms controlling these processes. Key priorities include identifying lignin-modifying genes, elucidating the dynamics of cellulose-lignin interfacial interactions, and developing hierarchical material design strategies for tunable bamboo composites.

Summary

By bridging fundamental research with industrial applications, this work provides a roadmap for advancing bamboo-based plastic alternatives, aligning with the “Bamboo as a Substitute for Plastic” initiative launched by the Chinese Government and the International Bamboo and Rattan Organization. The integration of genetic innovation, structure-guided processing, and closed-loop lignin valorization promises to transform bamboo into a high-performance, eco-friendly material, driving sustainable transitions in global manufacturing and circular bioeconomies.