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<p>This study examined the mineralization of Bisphenol A (BPA) through catalytic wet peroxidation (CWPO) using iron-impregnated montmorillonite clay (Fe/MMTK-10). Catalyst characterization confirmed that iron (Fe) species were successfully dispersed on montmorillonite clay (MMTK-10) framework, without formation of separate crystalline iron oxide phases. The catalyst (Fe/MMTK-10) exhibited negligible activity for the mineralization of BPA in the absence of an oxidant (H₂O₂). However, a strong synergistic effect was observed when 2.5 wt% Fe/MMTK-10 was combined with H₂O₂, leading to pronounced Fenton-like catalytic behavior and achieved approximately 54% TOC removal. Under optimized condition approximately, ~ 66% TOC removal was achieved i.e. initial BPA concentration of 50&#xa0;mg/L, catalyst dose of 1&#xa0;g/L, BPA/H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> stoichiometric ratio of 1:1.5, temperature of 323&#xa0;K, at natural solution pH (6.4). The mineralization of BPA followed the two-step kinetic regime. The activation energy of the fastest and slowest regime was 16.62&#xa0;kJ/mol and 3.06&#xa0;kJ/mol, respectively. Reusability study demonstrated that the catalyst sustained activity for up to four consecutive cycles. Therefore, Fe/MMTK-10 demonstrated strong catalytic activity near neutral pH, indicating its potential for practical BPA bearing wastewater treatment.</p>

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Mineralization of Bisphenol-A through Catalytic Wet Peroxidation Using Iron-Impregnated Montmorillonite

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月29日

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  • Uttam Singh,
  • Vijayalakshmi Gosu,
  • Verraboina Subbaramaiah

摘要

This study examined the mineralization of Bisphenol A (BPA) through catalytic wet peroxidation (CWPO) using iron-impregnated montmorillonite clay (Fe/MMTK-10). Catalyst characterization confirmed that iron (Fe) species were successfully dispersed on montmorillonite clay (MMTK-10) framework, without formation of separate crystalline iron oxide phases. The catalyst (Fe/MMTK-10) exhibited negligible activity for the mineralization of BPA in the absence of an oxidant (H₂O₂). However, a strong synergistic effect was observed when 2.5 wt% Fe/MMTK-10 was combined with H₂O₂, leading to pronounced Fenton-like catalytic behavior and achieved approximately 54% TOC removal. Under optimized condition approximately, ~ 66% TOC removal was achieved i.e. initial BPA concentration of 50 mg/L, catalyst dose of 1 g/L, BPA/H2O2 stoichiometric ratio of 1:1.5, temperature of 323 K, at natural solution pH (6.4). The mineralization of BPA followed the two-step kinetic regime. The activation energy of the fastest and slowest regime was 16.62 kJ/mol and 3.06 kJ/mol, respectively. Reusability study demonstrated that the catalyst sustained activity for up to four consecutive cycles. Therefore, Fe/MMTK-10 demonstrated strong catalytic activity near neutral pH, indicating its potential for practical BPA bearing wastewater treatment.