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<p>Lithium-ion batteries offer high energy density and stability, but suffer performance degradation under varying operating conditions. The solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), formed by electrolyte decomposition, plays a critical role in such degradation. Although SEI formation predominantly occurs during charging, the impact of discharge conditions remains unclear. In this work, we quantify the discharge-rate dependence of SEI resistance by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and assess its effect with single-cycle simulations. Capacity fade was most pronounced at 1&#xa0;C discharge, showing a 32% decrease after 100 cycles, whereas SEI resistance increased more significantly at 0.2&#xa0;C. Simulations showed that the anode potential remained below 0.3&#xa0;V for a longer period during slow discharge, consistent with the larger SEI resistance observed experimentally. Nevertheless, the contribution of SEI resistance to single-cycle capacity was minimal. These results indicate that capacity loss cannot be explained by SEI resistance alone and is instead governed by cumulative electrode degradation. Analyses should explicitly incorporate these effects beyond SEI resistance when interpreting capacity fade.</p>

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Discharge-Rate Effects on SEI Resistance in Lithium-Ion Batteries: An Experimental and Computational Analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月24日

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  • Dayoung Go,
  • Jonghyun Son,
  • Hyunji Oh,
  • Gwon Deok Han,
  • Jeeyoung Shin

摘要

Lithium-ion batteries offer high energy density and stability, but suffer performance degradation under varying operating conditions. The solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), formed by electrolyte decomposition, plays a critical role in such degradation. Although SEI formation predominantly occurs during charging, the impact of discharge conditions remains unclear. In this work, we quantify the discharge-rate dependence of SEI resistance by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and assess its effect with single-cycle simulations. Capacity fade was most pronounced at 1 C discharge, showing a 32% decrease after 100 cycles, whereas SEI resistance increased more significantly at 0.2 C. Simulations showed that the anode potential remained below 0.3 V for a longer period during slow discharge, consistent with the larger SEI resistance observed experimentally. Nevertheless, the contribution of SEI resistance to single-cycle capacity was minimal. These results indicate that capacity loss cannot be explained by SEI resistance alone and is instead governed by cumulative electrode degradation. Analyses should explicitly incorporate these effects beyond SEI resistance when interpreting capacity fade.