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<p>In an effort to mitigate carbon emissions while extending electricity access, we study an integrated mobile energy management system that couples micro off-grid (MOG) plants with retrofitted electric motorcycles in rural Tanzania. Using multi-year MOG measurements and on-road motorcycle monitoring, we develop a rule-based routing and charging algorithm that ensures arrival at each charging node with at least 30 percent state of charge and validate it through field trials. Across four representative routes, internal-combustion motorcycles consumed about 256 Wh/km, whereas sealed-lead-acid (SLA) and hybrid supercapacitor (SC) electric motorcycles consumed about 42 and about 37 Wh/km, respectively. The simulation’s predicted energy use differed from measured values by about 6 percent, confirming adequate fidelity for planning under limited data. Cost analysis further shows that annual maintenance costs of electric motorcycles are only about 28 percent of those of ICE motorcycles, supporting economic feasibility. Together, these results demonstrate a practical pathway for low-cost, low-carbon mobility and rural electrification, and motivate scaling the integrated system with expanded charging nodes and richer telemetry for finer control.</p>

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Mobile Energy Management System for E-motorcycle Integrated with Micro Off-Grid: A Case Study in Rural Tanzania

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月21日

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  • Hyunsu Lee,
  • Frank Andrew Manongi,
  • Howon Song,
  • Suyoung Park,
  • Binayak Bhandari,
  • Hyungjung Kim,
  • Herb S. Rhee,
  • Sung-Hoon Ahn

摘要

In an effort to mitigate carbon emissions while extending electricity access, we study an integrated mobile energy management system that couples micro off-grid (MOG) plants with retrofitted electric motorcycles in rural Tanzania. Using multi-year MOG measurements and on-road motorcycle monitoring, we develop a rule-based routing and charging algorithm that ensures arrival at each charging node with at least 30 percent state of charge and validate it through field trials. Across four representative routes, internal-combustion motorcycles consumed about 256 Wh/km, whereas sealed-lead-acid (SLA) and hybrid supercapacitor (SC) electric motorcycles consumed about 42 and about 37 Wh/km, respectively. The simulation’s predicted energy use differed from measured values by about 6 percent, confirming adequate fidelity for planning under limited data. Cost analysis further shows that annual maintenance costs of electric motorcycles are only about 28 percent of those of ICE motorcycles, supporting economic feasibility. Together, these results demonstrate a practical pathway for low-cost, low-carbon mobility and rural electrification, and motivate scaling the integrated system with expanded charging nodes and richer telemetry for finer control.