<p>In recent years, aluminum matrix composites (AMCs) have attracted considerable attention due to their exceptional comprehensive properties and significant potential for engineering applications. The interface between reinforcements and the matrix is a critical factor influencing the physicochemical properties and mechanical performance of AMCs. Consequently, a thorough understanding of interfacial structures, properties, and underlying mechanisms is essential for the sustainable development of AMCs. In-depth insights into interfacial behavior offer substantial advantages for tailoring AMCs to specific applications and broadening their utility across various engineering domains. This paper presents a comprehensive review focusing on three key aspects: (1) interfacial bonding mechanisms between reinforcements and the matrix, (2) interfacial mechanical properties and associated research methodologies, and (3) interfacial strengthening mechanisms and strategies in AMCs. Recent research progress, existing challenges, and future development trends are systematically discussed. This review aims to deepen the fundamental understanding of interfacial phenomena and to advance strategies for optimizing interfacial properties, thereby providing essential theoretical guidance and technical support for the development of high-performance AMCs.</p>