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Purpose of Review <p>Insomnia is a prevalent comorbidity in cancer patients, often exacerbated by disease progression, treatment side effects, and psychological distress, significantly impairing quality of life. Acupuncture has emerged as a promising non-pharmacological intervention to enhance sleep quality in this population. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to comprehensively evaluate the efficacy of acupuncture in improving sleep quality among cancer patients with insomnia by synthesizing evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quantifying effects on core sleep outcomes. A systematic literature search was conducted across databases, including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Wanfang, and CNKI, to identify RCTs assessing acupuncture’s impact on sleep quality up to December 10, 2024. Data were extracted and analyzed using standardized methods, with primary outcomes including the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and secondary outcomes comprising total sleep time (TST), sleep onset latency (SOL), and sleep efficiency (SE).</p> Recent Findings <p>Seven RCTs involving 548 participants were included, comparing acupuncture (manual, electro-, or auricular) versus controls (sham acupuncture, usual care, or medications). Acupuncture significantly improved PSQI scores (MD = -1.88, 95% CI = [-3.31, -0.45], <i>P</i> &lt; 0.00001; secondary analysis: MD = -0.99, 95% CI = [-1.85, -0.14], <i>P</i> = 0.02) and ISI scores (MD = -2.38, 95% CI = [-4.43, -0.34], <i>P</i> = 0.02; secondary analysis: MD = -0.26, 95% CI = [-0.51, 0.01], <i>P</i> = 0.04). It also reduced SOL (MD = -5.61, 95% CI = [-7.92, -3.30], <i>P</i> &lt; 0.00001) and enhanced SE (MD = 1.98, 95% CI = [0.90, 3.07], <i>P</i> = 0.0003), though controls outperformed acupuncture in TST (MD = 10.76, 95% CI = [3.60, 17.92], <i>P</i> = 0.003). Heterogeneity was noted, primarily due to variations in acupuncture protocols and control types, which may influence the generalizability of these findings.</p> Summary <p>Acupuncture yields clinically meaningful improvements in sleep quality and continuity for cancer-related insomnia, particularly reducing sleep latency and enhancing sleep efficiency, while offering a valuable non-pharmacological alternative with minimal adverse effects. However, its effect on total sleep time requires further investigation, and limitations such as protocol heterogeneity, small sample sizes, and potential biases in included trials warrant caution in interpreting results. Future high-quality RCTs with standardized methodologies are needed to confirm and expand these findings.</p>

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The Impact of Acupuncture on Sleep Quality in Cancer Patients with Insomnia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月27日

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  • Rizky Ramadhan Sayyid Zenyda,
  • Nushrotul Lailiyya,
  • Muhammad Riza Vikar Akbar Alhayat,
  • Qonita Adzkia,
  • Farhanna Midi Al Nida,
  • Alifia Tsabita Insani,
  • Hafizh Affan Dharmawan,
  • Alifa Salwa Chairunisa,
  • Fatikhatur Rizqi Salsabila,
  • Tabina Alaika Nuraya,
  • Fathi Ghifari Muhammad,
  • Rajendra Wisnu Maheswara Wardhana

摘要

Purpose of Review

Insomnia is a prevalent comorbidity in cancer patients, often exacerbated by disease progression, treatment side effects, and psychological distress, significantly impairing quality of life. Acupuncture has emerged as a promising non-pharmacological intervention to enhance sleep quality in this population. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to comprehensively evaluate the efficacy of acupuncture in improving sleep quality among cancer patients with insomnia by synthesizing evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quantifying effects on core sleep outcomes. A systematic literature search was conducted across databases, including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Wanfang, and CNKI, to identify RCTs assessing acupuncture’s impact on sleep quality up to December 10, 2024. Data were extracted and analyzed using standardized methods, with primary outcomes including the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and secondary outcomes comprising total sleep time (TST), sleep onset latency (SOL), and sleep efficiency (SE).

Recent Findings

Seven RCTs involving 548 participants were included, comparing acupuncture (manual, electro-, or auricular) versus controls (sham acupuncture, usual care, or medications). Acupuncture significantly improved PSQI scores (MD = -1.88, 95% CI = [-3.31, -0.45], P < 0.00001; secondary analysis: MD = -0.99, 95% CI = [-1.85, -0.14], P = 0.02) and ISI scores (MD = -2.38, 95% CI = [-4.43, -0.34], P = 0.02; secondary analysis: MD = -0.26, 95% CI = [-0.51, 0.01], P = 0.04). It also reduced SOL (MD = -5.61, 95% CI = [-7.92, -3.30], P < 0.00001) and enhanced SE (MD = 1.98, 95% CI = [0.90, 3.07], P = 0.0003), though controls outperformed acupuncture in TST (MD = 10.76, 95% CI = [3.60, 17.92], P = 0.003). Heterogeneity was noted, primarily due to variations in acupuncture protocols and control types, which may influence the generalizability of these findings.

Summary

Acupuncture yields clinically meaningful improvements in sleep quality and continuity for cancer-related insomnia, particularly reducing sleep latency and enhancing sleep efficiency, while offering a valuable non-pharmacological alternative with minimal adverse effects. However, its effect on total sleep time requires further investigation, and limitations such as protocol heterogeneity, small sample sizes, and potential biases in included trials warrant caution in interpreting results. Future high-quality RCTs with standardized methodologies are needed to confirm and expand these findings.