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<p>Mount Merapi in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, is one of the most world hazardous volcanoes, necessitating inclusive disaster policies. This study examines the state’s role in disaster governance using the state feminism framework to analyze how women’s participation as autonomous pressure groups across socio-economic classes influences policy outcome. We argue that true empowerment which ensures women’s resilience not only as individuals in disaster contexts but also in relation to economic distribution and social equity is crucial in shaping state intervention. Using qualitative research method, data were collected through structured group discussions and in-depth interviews with 38 survivors of the Merapi eruption, along with four key informants from government and disaster-related organizations. The findings reveal that ostensibly Indonesia pro-women policies risk devolving into mechanisms of pseudo-empowerment. Rather than fostering genuine collective mobilization and substantive equitable redistribution, such policies may inadvertently reinforce prevailing market-driven and individualized approaches to disaster intervention. This study thus contributes to the critical literature on disaster governance by underscoring the imperative for state interventions that are responsive not only to gendered vulnerabilities but also to underlying economic and structural inequalities.</p>

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Pseudo-Empowerment: State Feminism, Disaster Governance, and its Impact on Lower-Class Women in Indonesia

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月16日

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  • Anindya Dessi Wulansari,
  • Suci Iriani Sinuraya,
  • Sri Mulyani

摘要

Mount Merapi in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, is one of the most world hazardous volcanoes, necessitating inclusive disaster policies. This study examines the state’s role in disaster governance using the state feminism framework to analyze how women’s participation as autonomous pressure groups across socio-economic classes influences policy outcome. We argue that true empowerment which ensures women’s resilience not only as individuals in disaster contexts but also in relation to economic distribution and social equity is crucial in shaping state intervention. Using qualitative research method, data were collected through structured group discussions and in-depth interviews with 38 survivors of the Merapi eruption, along with four key informants from government and disaster-related organizations. The findings reveal that ostensibly Indonesia pro-women policies risk devolving into mechanisms of pseudo-empowerment. Rather than fostering genuine collective mobilization and substantive equitable redistribution, such policies may inadvertently reinforce prevailing market-driven and individualized approaches to disaster intervention. This study thus contributes to the critical literature on disaster governance by underscoring the imperative for state interventions that are responsive not only to gendered vulnerabilities but also to underlying economic and structural inequalities.