<p>Driven by the wave of globalization and the iteration of digital technology, the depth and breadth of cross-cultural exchanges are constantly expanding, which brings new opportunities and challenges to the international communication of Chinese herbal medicine culture. In this paper, we study the characteristics of the international communication needs of Chinese herbal medicine culture in the context of digital exhibition, and clearly point out the three core problems in the international communication of Chinese herbal medicine culture: barriers to understanding caused by deviations in terminological translation, cognitive discontinuity caused by cross-cultural differences, and a lack of experience caused by traditional exhibition methods. Based on this, this paper constructs a three-dimensional communication model of “cultural conversion translation—cognitive compensation—emotional resonance” as the theoretical basis for the construction of the virtual herbal medicine museum space “Herbal Medicine”. Through practical cases, it is proved that the proposed three-dimensional communication model can effectively solve the dilemma faced by the international communication of Chinese herbal medicine culture in the context of digital exhibition. In addition, the theoretical framework and practical model proposed in this paper can provide an innovative paradigm for the international dissemination of other outstanding traditional Chinese cultures, which has certain theoretical value and practical significance.</p>