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<p>Silicon (Si) is widely recognized for enhancing plant tolerance to unfavorable&#xa0;abiotic conditions, particularly in monocots. However, its uptake mechanisms, tissue distribution, and physiological roles in dicotyledonous species such as common beans (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> L.) remain poorly understood. This knowledge gap limits the development of Si-based strategies to improve resilience in legumes&#xa0;under adverse conditions. This study aimed to investigate Si uptake kinetics, accumulation, and ionomic modulation in two common bean genotypes with contrasting drought tolerance: BAT 477 (drought-tolerant) and IAC Carioca 80 SH (drought-sensitive). Two hydroponic experiments were carried out. In the first&#xa0;experiment, both genotypes received 2&#xa0;mmol L<sup>−1</sup> of Si at different phenological vegetative and reproductive stages (V4, R5, R7, R8, and R9), assessing Si accumulation, biomass, and leaf area. In the second, Si uptake kinetics were evaluated at the V4 stage using five Si concentrations (0.1–2.0&#xa0;mmol L<sup>−1</sup>), with analysis of Vmax, Km, α (Vmax/Km), root biomass, and tissue Si content after 60&#xa0;h. Both genotypes absorbed and accumulated Si, but IAC Carioca 80 SH exhibited higher leaf Si content, potentially linked to transpiration-driven uptake. Conversely, BAT 477 exhibited greater uptake efficiency at lower Si concentrations. Si supplementation altered the ionomic profile in both genotypes, especially for K, Ca, and Fe in leaves. Our findings highlight genotypic-specific strategies for Si acquisition and nutrient regulation, suggesting that even low-Si-accumulating species may benefit from Si application. This study provides novel insights into Si dynamics in common beans and supports future breeding and agronomic efforts to enhance drought tolerance in legumes.</p>

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Genotypic-specific silicon uptake kinetics and ionomic modulation in common beans: implications for drought tolerance

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月17日

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  • José Lavres,
  • Kelly Nascimento Silva,
  • Natalia Fernandes Carr,
  • Bianca de Almeida Machado,
  • Flávio Henrique Silveira Rabêlo,
  • Jéssica Bezerra de Oliveira,
  • Hudson Wallace Pereira de Carvalho

摘要

Silicon (Si) is widely recognized for enhancing plant tolerance to unfavorable abiotic conditions, particularly in monocots. However, its uptake mechanisms, tissue distribution, and physiological roles in dicotyledonous species such as common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) remain poorly understood. This knowledge gap limits the development of Si-based strategies to improve resilience in legumes under adverse conditions. This study aimed to investigate Si uptake kinetics, accumulation, and ionomic modulation in two common bean genotypes with contrasting drought tolerance: BAT 477 (drought-tolerant) and IAC Carioca 80 SH (drought-sensitive). Two hydroponic experiments were carried out. In the first experiment, both genotypes received 2 mmol L−1 of Si at different phenological vegetative and reproductive stages (V4, R5, R7, R8, and R9), assessing Si accumulation, biomass, and leaf area. In the second, Si uptake kinetics were evaluated at the V4 stage using five Si concentrations (0.1–2.0 mmol L−1), with analysis of Vmax, Km, α (Vmax/Km), root biomass, and tissue Si content after 60 h. Both genotypes absorbed and accumulated Si, but IAC Carioca 80 SH exhibited higher leaf Si content, potentially linked to transpiration-driven uptake. Conversely, BAT 477 exhibited greater uptake efficiency at lower Si concentrations. Si supplementation altered the ionomic profile in both genotypes, especially for K, Ca, and Fe in leaves. Our findings highlight genotypic-specific strategies for Si acquisition and nutrient regulation, suggesting that even low-Si-accumulating species may benefit from Si application. This study provides novel insights into Si dynamics in common beans and supports future breeding and agronomic efforts to enhance drought tolerance in legumes.