<p>Hashimoto’s encephalopathy is a rare autoimmune disease characterised by encephalopathy with central nervous system dysfunction, associated with antithyroid antibodies, and presenting with neurological and psychiatric symptoms. The pathogenic mechanisms remain unclear, and the diagnosis is one of exclusion, while the main treatment involves corticosteroids. It is a mysterious and debated condition, where the leading role in diagnosis often lies in the inability to identify other specific neurological conditions. It is likely that as neurological diagnostics advance, the number of new diagnoses will decrease over time.</p>