Iperparatiroidismo primitivo in gravidanza

Primary hyperparathyroidism in pregnancy is less prevalent than in the general population, even though definitive data are not available, as a number of cases are undiagnosed. From a clinical point of view, it can be asymptomatic, partially symptomatic or associated with maternal complications such as nephrolithiasis, fragility fractures, pancreatitis, urinary infections, preeclampsia and, rarely, parathyroid crisis. Fetal complications include hypocalcaemia, prematurity, intrauterine growth retardation, low birth weight, miscarriage and stillbirth. Surgery is the only cure of the disease, as in other forms of primary hyperparathyroidism; it is particularly indicated in the most severe forms and during the second trimester of gestation. This review summarises the most recent data on the clinical presentation, diagnosis and therapeutic recommendations of primary hyperparathyroidism in pregnancy.