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Background <p>Early identification of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is essential for timely intervention. The atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) may reflect early lipid dysregulation preceding GDM onset.</p> Methods <p>This retrospective cohort included 660 pregnant women who underwent first-trimester (11–13⁺⁶ weeks) lipid testing and GDM screening at 24–28 weeks based on IADPSG criteria. Demographic and biochemical data were extracted from medical records. Logistic regression identified independent predictors of GDM, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis evaluated predictive performance. Correlation and subgroup analyses examined associations between AIP, glucose parameters, and pregnancy outcomes.</p> Results <p>Women who developed GDM had higher first-trimester AIP levels than those without GDM (0.29 ± 0.17 vs. 0.11 ± 0.11, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001). AIP independently predicted GDM (OR = 14.37, 95% CI: 3.05–85.35; <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001) and demonstrated higher diagnostic accuracy (AUC = 0.81) compared with TG and HDL-C. Higher AIP correlated with fasting, 1-hour, and 2-hour OGTT glucose levels (all <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001) and was associated with greater risks of prematurity, neonatal asphyxia, and overall adverse outcomes.</p> Conclusion <p>First-trimester AIP is a robust biomarker for early prediction of GDM and adverse perinatal outcomes, offering a practical tool for early risk assessment.</p>

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Atherogenic index of plasma predicts gestational diabetes mellitus and correlates with disease severity and adverse pregnancy outcomes

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月15日

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  • Sha Xiao,
  • Xiaobo Wang,
  • Hongbo Zhang,
  • Rong Liu

摘要

Background

Early identification of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is essential for timely intervention. The atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) may reflect early lipid dysregulation preceding GDM onset.

Methods

This retrospective cohort included 660 pregnant women who underwent first-trimester (11–13⁺⁶ weeks) lipid testing and GDM screening at 24–28 weeks based on IADPSG criteria. Demographic and biochemical data were extracted from medical records. Logistic regression identified independent predictors of GDM, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis evaluated predictive performance. Correlation and subgroup analyses examined associations between AIP, glucose parameters, and pregnancy outcomes.

Results

Women who developed GDM had higher first-trimester AIP levels than those without GDM (0.29 ± 0.17 vs. 0.11 ± 0.11, P < 0.001). AIP independently predicted GDM (OR = 14.37, 95% CI: 3.05–85.35; P < 0.001) and demonstrated higher diagnostic accuracy (AUC = 0.81) compared with TG and HDL-C. Higher AIP correlated with fasting, 1-hour, and 2-hour OGTT glucose levels (all P < 0.001) and was associated with greater risks of prematurity, neonatal asphyxia, and overall adverse outcomes.

Conclusion

First-trimester AIP is a robust biomarker for early prediction of GDM and adverse perinatal outcomes, offering a practical tool for early risk assessment.