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Background and purpose <p>Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are at higher risk of developing cognitive impairment and mood disorders. At present, the effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) on cognitive function in these patients has gained attention. This study explores changes in cognitive and emotional functions and the influencing factors in patients with T2DM, following polyethylene glycol loxenatide (PEG-Loxe) treatment.</p> Methods <p>This study was conducted from April 2022 to January 2024 in the endocrinology departments of 16 hospitals. Patients with T2DM who had inadequate glycemic control despite at least 8 weeks of stable dietary modifications, exercise, and hypoglycemic drug therapy were enrolled. These patients received PEG-Loxe (0.2&#xa0;mg/week for 12 weeks) along with their current treatment. Cognitive and emotional performances were assessed alongside blood tests for clinical indicators like glucose and lipid levels.</p> Results <p>A total of 269 patients were enrolled in this study. Treatment with PEG-Loxe showed statistically significant differences in Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) scores before and after treatment. Correlation analysis revealed that changes in both fasting blood glucose (∆FBG) and 30-minute postprandial blood glucose (∆30-min PBG) were significantly negatively correlated with ∆MoCA (<i>r</i> = − 0.269, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001; <i>r</i> = − 0.196, <i>P</i> = 0.007). A generalized linear model (GLM) showed that FBG significantly impacted cognitive improvement (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.001), with a coefficient of − 0.1455, indicating that each unit increase in FBG reduced MoCA score by 0.1455 points. The intercept of the model was 0.6740 and was significant (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.001).</p> Conclusion <p>After 12 weeks of PEG-Loxe treatment, cognitive function and anxiety and depression symptoms in patients with T2DM were significantly improved. The glycemic control status was also significantly correlated with cognitive performance. This study confirmed that PEG-Loxe offers added benefits for cognitive improvement in T2DM management.</p>

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Polyethylene glycol loxenatide improves cognitive and emotional performance in patients with type 2 diabetes: a 12-week multicenter clinical observational study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月9日

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  • Xiao Yin,
  • Yujie Dong,
  • Hongning Li,
  • Yuhe Wei,
  • Yingzhao Liu,
  • Ning Xu,
  • Lu Liu,
  • Jiaqing Shao,
  • Yuqing She,
  • Wenqing Xia,
  • Jianhua Ma

摘要

Background and purpose

Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are at higher risk of developing cognitive impairment and mood disorders. At present, the effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) on cognitive function in these patients has gained attention. This study explores changes in cognitive and emotional functions and the influencing factors in patients with T2DM, following polyethylene glycol loxenatide (PEG-Loxe) treatment.

Methods

This study was conducted from April 2022 to January 2024 in the endocrinology departments of 16 hospitals. Patients with T2DM who had inadequate glycemic control despite at least 8 weeks of stable dietary modifications, exercise, and hypoglycemic drug therapy were enrolled. These patients received PEG-Loxe (0.2 mg/week for 12 weeks) along with their current treatment. Cognitive and emotional performances were assessed alongside blood tests for clinical indicators like glucose and lipid levels.

Results

A total of 269 patients were enrolled in this study. Treatment with PEG-Loxe showed statistically significant differences in Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) scores before and after treatment. Correlation analysis revealed that changes in both fasting blood glucose (∆FBG) and 30-minute postprandial blood glucose (∆30-min PBG) were significantly negatively correlated with ∆MoCA (r = − 0.269, P < 0.001; r = − 0.196, P = 0.007). A generalized linear model (GLM) showed that FBG significantly impacted cognitive improvement (P < 0.001), with a coefficient of − 0.1455, indicating that each unit increase in FBG reduced MoCA score by 0.1455 points. The intercept of the model was 0.6740 and was significant (P < 0.001).

Conclusion

After 12 weeks of PEG-Loxe treatment, cognitive function and anxiety and depression symptoms in patients with T2DM were significantly improved. The glycemic control status was also significantly correlated with cognitive performance. This study confirmed that PEG-Loxe offers added benefits for cognitive improvement in T2DM management.