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Background <p>Hirsutism in women, defined as excessive terminal hair growth in androgen-dependent areas, is associated with hyperandrogenic disorders such as Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) and Non-classic Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (NCAH), and non-hyperandrogenic disorders like Idiopathic Hirsutism (IH). These conditions have been linked to metabolic complications, including insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular risks. Nevertheless, their specific metabolic profiles continue to require further investigation.</p> Purpose <p>This study aims to evaluate the prevalence and severity of metabolic complications, including insulin resistance and lipid abnormalities, in women with PCOS, NCAH, Idiopathic Hyperandrogenemia (IHA), and IH compared to healthy controls.</p> Methods <p>A cross-sectional study was conducted on 600 women attending endocrinology consultations at a tertiary hospital from 2010 to 2022. Participants were classified into diagnostic groups based on established criteria, and metabolic parameters were assessed. Statistical analyses included non-parametric tests and ROC curve analyses to identify significant differences and discriminatory markers.</p> Results <p>Patients with PCOS, NCAH, and IHA exhibited higher fasting insulin levels compared to controls. PCOS patients also demonstrated increased HOMA-IR, decreased QUICKI index, and lower HDL levels relative to controls. BMI differences were significant only for PCOS compared to controls. ROC analyses revealed HOMA-IR and fasting insulin levels as potential discriminators between PCOS and controls.</p> Conclusions <p>Metabolic complications such as insulin resistance are prevalent in women with hyperandrogenism, highlighting the need for targeted metabolic screening in hirsutism-related disorders. Our study highlights the necessity to comprehensively demonstrate the metabolic alterations in these conditions and the ways that shall be employed to treat them. Further research is warranted to explore underlying mechanisms and intervention strategies.</p>

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Metabolic complications in a large cohort of Portuguese women with hirsutism-related disorders

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月10日

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  • Joana Pinto,
  • Nicoletta Cera,
  • Duarte Pignatelli

摘要

Background

Hirsutism in women, defined as excessive terminal hair growth in androgen-dependent areas, is associated with hyperandrogenic disorders such as Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) and Non-classic Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (NCAH), and non-hyperandrogenic disorders like Idiopathic Hirsutism (IH). These conditions have been linked to metabolic complications, including insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular risks. Nevertheless, their specific metabolic profiles continue to require further investigation.

Purpose

This study aims to evaluate the prevalence and severity of metabolic complications, including insulin resistance and lipid abnormalities, in women with PCOS, NCAH, Idiopathic Hyperandrogenemia (IHA), and IH compared to healthy controls.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted on 600 women attending endocrinology consultations at a tertiary hospital from 2010 to 2022. Participants were classified into diagnostic groups based on established criteria, and metabolic parameters were assessed. Statistical analyses included non-parametric tests and ROC curve analyses to identify significant differences and discriminatory markers.

Results

Patients with PCOS, NCAH, and IHA exhibited higher fasting insulin levels compared to controls. PCOS patients also demonstrated increased HOMA-IR, decreased QUICKI index, and lower HDL levels relative to controls. BMI differences were significant only for PCOS compared to controls. ROC analyses revealed HOMA-IR and fasting insulin levels as potential discriminators between PCOS and controls.

Conclusions

Metabolic complications such as insulin resistance are prevalent in women with hyperandrogenism, highlighting the need for targeted metabolic screening in hirsutism-related disorders. Our study highlights the necessity to comprehensively demonstrate the metabolic alterations in these conditions and the ways that shall be employed to treat them. Further research is warranted to explore underlying mechanisms and intervention strategies.