<p>Menstrual hygiene is a critical public health concern for tribal women in India. Despite increasing research attention to menstrual health in recent years, evidence focusing specifically on Scheduled Tribe women at the national level remains limited. The present study examines the prevalence and sociodemographic factors associated with exclusive use of hygienic menstrual methods among tribal women aged 15–24 years in India using data from the National Family Health Survey rounds NFHS-4 (2015–16) and NFHS-5 (2019–21). A multivariable logistic regression model was employed to determine the key predictors of exclusive use of hygienic absorbents. The findings indicate that higher educational attainment, greater household wealth, urban residence, and media exposure are significantly associated with the use of hygienic menstrual methods. Access to sanitation facilities also shows a positive association. Regional variation is evident, with women from the Southern region demonstrating the highest likelihood of adoption. The results highlight substantial socioeconomic and regional disparities in menstrual hygiene practices among tribal women. Education, household economic status, place of residence, regional context, sanitation access, and media exposure emerge as key correlates of hygienic menstrual practices, indicating that these structural and informational factors should be specifically considered in efforts aimed at addressing inequalities in hygienic menstrual practices within the tribal population.</p>