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Significance <p>Tobacco use is prevalent among People living with HIV (PLWH), negatively affecting their Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL). Despite false perceptions of being less harmful and socially acceptable, little is known about Waterpipe Tobacco Smoking (WTS) uptake and its link to HRQoL among PLWH in Nigeria. In this study, we aimed to examine WTS use, associated factors, and its relationship with HRQoL in Nigerian PLWH.</p> Methods <p>A cross-sectional study utilizing an interviewer-administered questionnaire was conducted among 761 respondents receiving care at five Anti-Retroviral Therapy centers in Lagos, Nigeria. The WTS Scale was used to measure participants’ use patterns, and the World Health Organization QOL-BREF questionnaire to evaluate HRQoL. Multivariable regression analyses explored factors associated with WTS use and HRQoL.</p> Results <p>Respondents were predominantly male (63.6%), aged 21—70 (mean age: 35.6 [SD = 10.5] years), 78.2% were virally suppressed, and 33.1% reported current (past 30&#xa0;days) WTS. In multivariable regression analyses, after adjustment for relevant confounders, WTS was independently associated with higher odds of poor physical (AOR 1.68, 95% CI 1.14–2.49; <i>p</i> = 0.009), psychological (AOR 1.76, 95% CI 1.18–2.81; <i>p</i> = 0.005) and overall HRQoL (AOR 1.78, 95% CI 1.17–2.66; <i>p</i> = 0.007) domains, but not with social, environmental or health-perception domains.</p> Conclusions <p>These findings underscore significant gaps in Nigeria’s HIV care, emphasizing the urgent need to integrate tobacco cessation. Healthcare providers should routinely screen PLWH for WTS and offer culturally relevant interventions. Policymakers must enhance tobacco control and create targeted campaigns to address WTS misconceptions, to improve treatment outcomes, and reduce HIV-related illness.</p>

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Waterpipe Tobacco Smoking and Health-Related Quality of Life Among People Living with HIV in Nigeria

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月9日

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  • Afolabi Oyapero,
  • Ziyad Ben Taleb,
  • Olatokunbo Osibogun,
  • Olufemi Erinoso,
  • Moyosoore Osoba,
  • Anyachebelu Ebuka,
  • Olatunbosun Olasunkanmi,
  • Olabode Ekerin,
  • Idowu Afeez Adedoyin,
  • Ebbie Kalan

摘要

Significance

Tobacco use is prevalent among People living with HIV (PLWH), negatively affecting their Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL). Despite false perceptions of being less harmful and socially acceptable, little is known about Waterpipe Tobacco Smoking (WTS) uptake and its link to HRQoL among PLWH in Nigeria. In this study, we aimed to examine WTS use, associated factors, and its relationship with HRQoL in Nigerian PLWH.

Methods

A cross-sectional study utilizing an interviewer-administered questionnaire was conducted among 761 respondents receiving care at five Anti-Retroviral Therapy centers in Lagos, Nigeria. The WTS Scale was used to measure participants’ use patterns, and the World Health Organization QOL-BREF questionnaire to evaluate HRQoL. Multivariable regression analyses explored factors associated with WTS use and HRQoL.

Results

Respondents were predominantly male (63.6%), aged 21—70 (mean age: 35.6 [SD = 10.5] years), 78.2% were virally suppressed, and 33.1% reported current (past 30 days) WTS. In multivariable regression analyses, after adjustment for relevant confounders, WTS was independently associated with higher odds of poor physical (AOR 1.68, 95% CI 1.14–2.49; p = 0.009), psychological (AOR 1.76, 95% CI 1.18–2.81; p = 0.005) and overall HRQoL (AOR 1.78, 95% CI 1.17–2.66; p = 0.007) domains, but not with social, environmental or health-perception domains.

Conclusions

These findings underscore significant gaps in Nigeria’s HIV care, emphasizing the urgent need to integrate tobacco cessation. Healthcare providers should routinely screen PLWH for WTS and offer culturally relevant interventions. Policymakers must enhance tobacco control and create targeted campaigns to address WTS misconceptions, to improve treatment outcomes, and reduce HIV-related illness.