<p>Recently, a new homotopy invariant of metric spaces, called the distributional category, was defined, which provides a lower bound to the Lusternik–Schnirelmann (LS) category. In this paper, we obtain several sufficient conditions for the distributional category (<InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40590_2025_744_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="15" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="31" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({{\,\mathrm{\textsf{dcat}}\,}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mi mathvariant="sans-serif">dcat</mi> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>) of a closed manifold to be maximum, i.e., equal to its classical LS-category (<InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40590_2025_744_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="12" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="22" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({{\,\mathrm{\textsf{cat}}\,}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mi mathvariant="sans-serif">cat</mi> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>). These give us many new computations of <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40590_2025_744_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="15" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="31" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({{\,\mathrm{\textsf{dcat}}\,}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mi mathvariant="sans-serif">dcat</mi> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, especially for some essential manifolds and (generalized) connected sums. In the process, we also determine the <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40590_2025_744_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="15" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="31" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({{\,\mathrm{\textsf{dcat}}\,}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mi mathvariant="sans-serif">dcat</mi> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> of closed 3-manifolds having torsion-free fundamental groups and various closed geometrically decomposable 4-manifolds. Finally, we extend some of our results to closed Alexandrov spaces with curvature bounded below and discuss their <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40590_2025_744_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="12" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="22" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({{\,\mathrm{\textsf{cat}}\,}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mi mathvariant="sans-serif">cat</mi> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40590_2025_744_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="15" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="31" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({{\,\mathrm{\textsf{dcat}}\,}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mi mathvariant="sans-serif">dcat</mi> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> in dimension 3.</p>

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Distributional category of manifolds

  • Ekansh Jauhari

摘要

Recently, a new homotopy invariant of metric spaces, called the distributional category, was defined, which provides a lower bound to the Lusternik–Schnirelmann (LS) category. In this paper, we obtain several sufficient conditions for the distributional category ( \({{\,\mathrm{\textsf{dcat}}\,}}\) dcat ) of a closed manifold to be maximum, i.e., equal to its classical LS-category ( \({{\,\mathrm{\textsf{cat}}\,}}\) cat ). These give us many new computations of \({{\,\mathrm{\textsf{dcat}}\,}}\) dcat , especially for some essential manifolds and (generalized) connected sums. In the process, we also determine the \({{\,\mathrm{\textsf{dcat}}\,}}\) dcat of closed 3-manifolds having torsion-free fundamental groups and various closed geometrically decomposable 4-manifolds. Finally, we extend some of our results to closed Alexandrov spaces with curvature bounded below and discuss their \({{\,\mathrm{\textsf{cat}}\,}}\) cat and \({{\,\mathrm{\textsf{dcat}}\,}}\) dcat in dimension 3.