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<p>This study investigates the pore structure evolution and permeability mechanisms of compacted clay in dumps during shear deformation, providing critical insights for resource development, hazard prevention, and ecological restoration. Focusing on Yuanbaoshan mine’s inner dump clay in Inner Mongolia, we used triaxial shear permeability testing, MATLAB fitting, and MatDEM discrete element development and simulation to explore permeability evolution under varying compaction densities and confining pressures during shear. Results demonstrate that the permeability of compacted clay evolves through three distinct stages—rapid decline, gradual decline, and stabilization—with increasing shear strain. The initial stage features abrupt permeability reduction driven by particle rearrangement and pore collapse, followed by a decelerated decline phase where fine particles migrate to fill pores, ultimately reaching permeability stabilization. Under identical conditions, elevated confining pressure enhances deformation adaptability while higher compaction density reduces permeability; both factors nonlinearly suppress permeability by altering soil pore structure, with their influence most pronounced at low strains. During shear-seepage, pore water pressure progressively decreases with time and axial strain before stabilizing, accompanied by downward and lateral particle displacement where migrating fine particles fill pores to reduce permeability. Concurrently, particle interlocking and bond breakage increase pore water pressure and decrease permeability. Increasing strain densifies lower particles, forming localized low-permeability zones with reduced water pressure. Thermally, initial spring heat accumulation drives compaction permeability plunge, while linear viscous and slipping heat growth accompanies uniform particle motion and stable permeability. These reveal the seepage suppression mechanism via progressive densification and shear localization-dominated flow anisotropy, providing theoretical/technical support for geotechnical practices.</p>

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Permeability response and mechanisms of compacted clay in open-pit mine dumps under triaxial shear-seepage testing

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月7日

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  • Lihui Qi,
  • Xuedong Wang,
  • Yuanjie Hou,
  • Jin Li,
  • Guangwei Liu

摘要

This study investigates the pore structure evolution and permeability mechanisms of compacted clay in dumps during shear deformation, providing critical insights for resource development, hazard prevention, and ecological restoration. Focusing on Yuanbaoshan mine’s inner dump clay in Inner Mongolia, we used triaxial shear permeability testing, MATLAB fitting, and MatDEM discrete element development and simulation to explore permeability evolution under varying compaction densities and confining pressures during shear. Results demonstrate that the permeability of compacted clay evolves through three distinct stages—rapid decline, gradual decline, and stabilization—with increasing shear strain. The initial stage features abrupt permeability reduction driven by particle rearrangement and pore collapse, followed by a decelerated decline phase where fine particles migrate to fill pores, ultimately reaching permeability stabilization. Under identical conditions, elevated confining pressure enhances deformation adaptability while higher compaction density reduces permeability; both factors nonlinearly suppress permeability by altering soil pore structure, with their influence most pronounced at low strains. During shear-seepage, pore water pressure progressively decreases with time and axial strain before stabilizing, accompanied by downward and lateral particle displacement where migrating fine particles fill pores to reduce permeability. Concurrently, particle interlocking and bond breakage increase pore water pressure and decrease permeability. Increasing strain densifies lower particles, forming localized low-permeability zones with reduced water pressure. Thermally, initial spring heat accumulation drives compaction permeability plunge, while linear viscous and slipping heat growth accompanies uniform particle motion and stable permeability. These reveal the seepage suppression mechanism via progressive densification and shear localization-dominated flow anisotropy, providing theoretical/technical support for geotechnical practices.