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<p>The locked segment between joints in deep surrounding rock is both a key area for rock mass structural stability and a barrier to the flow of gas and liquid media. Studying its failure behavior at the mesoscopic level is crucial for understanding the structural behavior of engineering rock mass. In this study, uniaxial compression tests were conducted on through-boundary type locked rock masses (TLR) with different rock bridge angles, and the material parameters of the numerical model were calibrated and validated. The effects of confining pressure and rock bridge inclination on the mechanical properties and failure modes of TLR were investigated using PFC2D. The damage characteristics and failure behavior of TLR were characterized using fractal calculations and crack propagation surge. The failure trend of TLR was explored by examining the mesoscopic displacement field and force chain distribution. The results show that the post-peak curve extends with increasing confining pressure, and for the 45° and 60° rock bridge angles are the first to exhibiting an extension, demonstrating higher sensitivity to confining pressure. The increase in confining pressure and rock bridge angles, respectively, leads to an increase and a decrease in the TLR’s compressive strength and elastic modulus. The failure surface tends to become ring-shaped under the influence of confining pressure, and its crack fractal dimension is positively correlated with confining pressure and negatively correlated with rock bridge inclination. The greater the confining pressure, the faster the crack propagation surge and the greater the number of cracks. The overall crack development direction tends to range from 60° to 120°. The characteristic of the local displacement before and after failure exhibits radiating outward in a nuclear shape. The interface of the local displacement zones is the main region where the fracture surface develops. The region of internal high-force chains is primarily distributed at the local rock mass contact points along the fracture surface.</p>

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Mesoscopic damage and failure characteristics of through-boundary type locked rock masses under confining pressure

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月11日

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  • Yanglong Diao,
  • Wenjie Wang,
  • Yijun Guo,
  • Jiale Song

摘要

The locked segment between joints in deep surrounding rock is both a key area for rock mass structural stability and a barrier to the flow of gas and liquid media. Studying its failure behavior at the mesoscopic level is crucial for understanding the structural behavior of engineering rock mass. In this study, uniaxial compression tests were conducted on through-boundary type locked rock masses (TLR) with different rock bridge angles, and the material parameters of the numerical model were calibrated and validated. The effects of confining pressure and rock bridge inclination on the mechanical properties and failure modes of TLR were investigated using PFC2D. The damage characteristics and failure behavior of TLR were characterized using fractal calculations and crack propagation surge. The failure trend of TLR was explored by examining the mesoscopic displacement field and force chain distribution. The results show that the post-peak curve extends with increasing confining pressure, and for the 45° and 60° rock bridge angles are the first to exhibiting an extension, demonstrating higher sensitivity to confining pressure. The increase in confining pressure and rock bridge angles, respectively, leads to an increase and a decrease in the TLR’s compressive strength and elastic modulus. The failure surface tends to become ring-shaped under the influence of confining pressure, and its crack fractal dimension is positively correlated with confining pressure and negatively correlated with rock bridge inclination. The greater the confining pressure, the faster the crack propagation surge and the greater the number of cracks. The overall crack development direction tends to range from 60° to 120°. The characteristic of the local displacement before and after failure exhibits radiating outward in a nuclear shape. The interface of the local displacement zones is the main region where the fracture surface develops. The region of internal high-force chains is primarily distributed at the local rock mass contact points along the fracture surface.