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<p>During the mechanized harvesting process, fresh sweet potatoes are prone to damage, which affects their marketability; meanwhile, incomplete separation of potato tubers from the soil also reduces harvesting efficiency. This study employs the EDEM discrete element method to model and simulate the conveying and separation mechanism of the 4UZ-80 lightweight fresh sweet potato combine harvester, investigating the effects of key parameters on damage rate, skin breakage rate, and soil content. Simplified models of the mechanism, sweet potato particles, and soil particles were created using Inventor software, and the interactions among sweet potatoes, soil, and conveying chain rods during transport were simulated on the EDEM platform. The research focuses on the influences of conveying speed, conveying angle, and material generation speed on the forces acting on sweet potatoes and the efficiency of soil separation. Simulation results indicate that when the primary lifting chain operates at 0.45&#xa0;m/s, with a conveying angle of 30° and generation speeds of 500&#xa0;g/s for sweet potatoes and 2000&#xa0;g/s for soil, the compressive force on the sweet potato particles is relatively low, while the soil proportion decreases from 77.92% at 0.2&#xa0;m/s to 69.81% at 0.45&#xa0;m/s, and further to 64.50% at 0.7&#xa0;m/s. Moreover, increasing the conveying angle from 25 to 35° reduces the soil content from 75.49 to 64.38%, suggesting that a larger angle improves soil separation, although it increases the forces on sweet potatoes at the junction. Adjustments in material generation speed reveal that too low a speed leads to direct collisions on the sweet potatoes, whereas too high a speed exacerbates forces due to soil accumulation; both conditions significantly affect the separation outcome. Under the conditions of conveying speed of 0.45&#xa0;m/s, conveying angle of 30°, and working speed of 0.25&#xa0;m/s, the rate of sweet potato injury is about 0.84%, the rate of peeling is about 0.74%, and the soil content is 70.94%, which is consistent with the simulation results. These findings demonstrate that the EDEM discrete element method offers high predictive accuracy for optimizing the parameters of the conveying and separation mechanism, providing effective theoretical and technical support for reducing sweet potato damage and improving separation efficiency.</p>

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Research and analysis of conveyor separation mechanism of light and simple sweet potato combine harvester based on EDEM discrete element method

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月23日

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  • Jiwen Peng,
  • Haiyang Shen,
  • Wenqin Ding,
  • Wenming Chen,
  • Baoliang Peng,
  • Xueqiang Li,
  • Lianglong Hu,
  • Gongpu Wang

摘要

During the mechanized harvesting process, fresh sweet potatoes are prone to damage, which affects their marketability; meanwhile, incomplete separation of potato tubers from the soil also reduces harvesting efficiency. This study employs the EDEM discrete element method to model and simulate the conveying and separation mechanism of the 4UZ-80 lightweight fresh sweet potato combine harvester, investigating the effects of key parameters on damage rate, skin breakage rate, and soil content. Simplified models of the mechanism, sweet potato particles, and soil particles were created using Inventor software, and the interactions among sweet potatoes, soil, and conveying chain rods during transport were simulated on the EDEM platform. The research focuses on the influences of conveying speed, conveying angle, and material generation speed on the forces acting on sweet potatoes and the efficiency of soil separation. Simulation results indicate that when the primary lifting chain operates at 0.45 m/s, with a conveying angle of 30° and generation speeds of 500 g/s for sweet potatoes and 2000 g/s for soil, the compressive force on the sweet potato particles is relatively low, while the soil proportion decreases from 77.92% at 0.2 m/s to 69.81% at 0.45 m/s, and further to 64.50% at 0.7 m/s. Moreover, increasing the conveying angle from 25 to 35° reduces the soil content from 75.49 to 64.38%, suggesting that a larger angle improves soil separation, although it increases the forces on sweet potatoes at the junction. Adjustments in material generation speed reveal that too low a speed leads to direct collisions on the sweet potatoes, whereas too high a speed exacerbates forces due to soil accumulation; both conditions significantly affect the separation outcome. Under the conditions of conveying speed of 0.45 m/s, conveying angle of 30°, and working speed of 0.25 m/s, the rate of sweet potato injury is about 0.84%, the rate of peeling is about 0.74%, and the soil content is 70.94%, which is consistent with the simulation results. These findings demonstrate that the EDEM discrete element method offers high predictive accuracy for optimizing the parameters of the conveying and separation mechanism, providing effective theoretical and technical support for reducing sweet potato damage and improving separation efficiency.