<p>Traditional methodologies primarily depend on macroscopic observations and post-experimental fracture surface analysis to identify transversely isotropic rock’s failure modes and mechanisms. This study employed discrete element method (DEM) simulations to analyze Brazilian splitting and uniaxial compression tests on transversely isotropic rocks. By applying moment tensor inversion, seismic information was extracted from acoustic emission (AE) events. The key findings are as follows: (1) The failure modes of the specimens can be categorized into three types: failure that cuts through the bedding planes, failure along the bedding planes, and composite failure, where fractures penetrate the bedding planes while partially following them. (2) In uniaxial compression tests, the sample with a bedding angle of 30<InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40571_2025_960_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="7" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="9" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(^\circ \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mmultiscripts> <mrow /> <mrow /> <mo>∘</mo> </mmultiscripts> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> exhibits frequent small-scale AE activity along the slip zone, resulting in progressive shear slip failure. In contrast, those at 45<InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40571_2025_960_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="7" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="9" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(^\circ \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mmultiscripts> <mrow /> <mrow /> <mo>∘</mo> </mmultiscripts> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and 60<InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40571_2025_960_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="7" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="9" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(^\circ \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mmultiscripts> <mrow /> <mrow /> <mo>∘</mo> </mmultiscripts> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> angles show more high-magnitude events along the slip zone, with a shorter time from crack initiation to final failure, indicating catastrophic shear slip failure. (3) In the Brazilian splitting tests, specimens with a bedding angle of 60<InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40571_2025_960_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="7" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="9" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(^\circ \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mmultiscripts> <mrow /> <mrow /> <mo>∘</mo> </mmultiscripts> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> experienced progressive shear sliding failure, while those with a bedding angle of 75<InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40571_2025_960_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="7" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="9" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(^\circ \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mmultiscripts> <mrow /> <mrow /> <mo>∘</mo> </mmultiscripts> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> experienced catastrophic shear sliding failure. These findings refine the failure mode classification of transversely isotropic rocks across different bedding angles, enhancing understanding of their mechanical behavior.</p>

错误:搜索内容不能为空,请输入英文关键词
错误:关键词超出字数限制,请精简
高级检索

Refinement of failure mode classification in transversely isotropic rocks at different inclination angles

  • Yike Dang,
  • Zheng Yang,
  • Shangtong Yang,
  • Xiaoyu Liu,
  • Junlong Shang

摘要

Traditional methodologies primarily depend on macroscopic observations and post-experimental fracture surface analysis to identify transversely isotropic rock’s failure modes and mechanisms. This study employed discrete element method (DEM) simulations to analyze Brazilian splitting and uniaxial compression tests on transversely isotropic rocks. By applying moment tensor inversion, seismic information was extracted from acoustic emission (AE) events. The key findings are as follows: (1) The failure modes of the specimens can be categorized into three types: failure that cuts through the bedding planes, failure along the bedding planes, and composite failure, where fractures penetrate the bedding planes while partially following them. (2) In uniaxial compression tests, the sample with a bedding angle of 30 \(^\circ \) exhibits frequent small-scale AE activity along the slip zone, resulting in progressive shear slip failure. In contrast, those at 45 \(^\circ \) and 60 \(^\circ \) angles show more high-magnitude events along the slip zone, with a shorter time from crack initiation to final failure, indicating catastrophic shear slip failure. (3) In the Brazilian splitting tests, specimens with a bedding angle of 60 \(^\circ \) experienced progressive shear sliding failure, while those with a bedding angle of 75 \(^\circ \) experienced catastrophic shear sliding failure. These findings refine the failure mode classification of transversely isotropic rocks across different bedding angles, enhancing understanding of their mechanical behavior.