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Background <p>This study aimed at testing the convergence and deriving equating norms between the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (TICS) and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) in an Italian population sample.</p> Methods <p>Four-hundred and eighty two healthy Italian native-speaker (300 females; age: 57.8 ± 15.5, <i>range</i> = 20–94; education: 13.1 ± 3.8, <i>range</i> = 5–25) underwent the TICS (<i>range</i> = 1–41), MMSE and MoCA. An additional <i>Delayed Recall</i> of the 10-word list was administered as the last task of the TICS to compute a further total (TICS<sub>&amp;</sub>DR; <i>range</i> = 1–51). Convergence between the TICS/TICS<sub>&amp;</sub>DR and in-person screeners was tested <i>via</i> Bonferroni-corrected Spearman’s coefficients, whilst equating norms were derived <i>via</i> a Log-linear Smoothing Equipercentile Equating (LSEE) approach. A two one-sided test (TOST) procedure was run to test the equivalence between empirical and LSEE-derived scores.</p> Results <p>TICS scores converged with both MMSE (<i>r</i><sub><i>s</i></sub>=0.34; <i>p</i> &lt;.001) and MoCA scores (<i>r</i><sub><i>s</i></sub>=0.42; <i>p</i> &lt;.001)– the same being true for the TICS<sub>&amp;</sub>DR (MMSE: <i>r</i><sub><i>s</i></sub>=0.36; <i>p</i> &lt;.001; MoCA: <i>r</i><sub><i>s</i></sub>=0.42; <i>p</i> &lt;.001). Cross-walks were estimated to derive TICS/TICS<sub>&amp;</sub>DR scores from the MMSE/MoCA, and vice-versa. The algorithm could not compute the conversions for TICS, MMSE and MoCA scores &lt; 22, &lt;21 and &lt; 14, respectively. TOST procedures revealed that all comparisons yielded equivalence except for those aimed at deriving TICS from MMSE scores and TICS<sub>&amp;</sub>DR from both the MMSE and the MoCA.</p> Discussion <p>The Italian TICS validly captures examinees’ cognitive efficiency as measured by MMSE or MoCA; derived cross-walks between the TICS and MMSE/MoCA allows for a flexible use of in-person and telephone-based screeners.</p>

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Convergence and equating norms between the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (TICS), the MMSE and the MoCA in an Italian population sample

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月16日

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  • Edoardo Nicolò Aiello,
  • Beatrice Curti,
  • Giulia De Luca,
  • Sara Casartelli,
  • Lorenzo Esposti,
  • Chiara Curatoli,
  • Alice Zanin,
  • Elisa Camporeale,
  • Martina Andrea Sirtori,
  • Federico Verde,
  • Vincenzo Silani,
  • Nicola Ticozzi,
  • Nadia Bolognini,
  • Barbara Poletti

摘要

Background

This study aimed at testing the convergence and deriving equating norms between the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (TICS) and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) in an Italian population sample.

Methods

Four-hundred and eighty two healthy Italian native-speaker (300 females; age: 57.8 ± 15.5, range = 20–94; education: 13.1 ± 3.8, range = 5–25) underwent the TICS (range = 1–41), MMSE and MoCA. An additional Delayed Recall of the 10-word list was administered as the last task of the TICS to compute a further total (TICS&DR; range = 1–51). Convergence between the TICS/TICS&DR and in-person screeners was tested via Bonferroni-corrected Spearman’s coefficients, whilst equating norms were derived via a Log-linear Smoothing Equipercentile Equating (LSEE) approach. A two one-sided test (TOST) procedure was run to test the equivalence between empirical and LSEE-derived scores.

Results

TICS scores converged with both MMSE (rs=0.34; p <.001) and MoCA scores (rs=0.42; p <.001)– the same being true for the TICS&DR (MMSE: rs=0.36; p <.001; MoCA: rs=0.42; p <.001). Cross-walks were estimated to derive TICS/TICS&DR scores from the MMSE/MoCA, and vice-versa. The algorithm could not compute the conversions for TICS, MMSE and MoCA scores < 22, <21 and < 14, respectively. TOST procedures revealed that all comparisons yielded equivalence except for those aimed at deriving TICS from MMSE scores and TICS&DR from both the MMSE and the MoCA.

Discussion

The Italian TICS validly captures examinees’ cognitive efficiency as measured by MMSE or MoCA; derived cross-walks between the TICS and MMSE/MoCA allows for a flexible use of in-person and telephone-based screeners.