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Purpose of Review <p>With the acceleration of global energy transformation and great changes in the operation mode of power system, it is of great significance for electric vehicles to participate in the power market as flexible mobile energy storage units. This paper aims to systematically summarize its business model of participating in the electricity market, comprehensively review the global status and research progress, focus on the application of energy, ancillary services and demand response market, analyze the results and trends, discuss key technologies and put forward targeted strategic suggestions.</p> Recent Findings <p>The global pilot has verified the technical and economic efficiency of electric vehicles’ participation in power grid frequency and peak shaving; In terms of business model, the indirect participation model is better in resource integration efficiency and user income; Technically, machine learning load forecasting model and cloud side collaborative architecture help to optimize benefit distribution; Economically, research on battery life compensation and demand response incentive strategy promotes user participation; The multi-stage bidding of virtual power plants improves the consumption of renewable energy, and the dynamic electricity price guides the load transfer to promote green consumption, laying the foundation for its transformation from “passive load” to “actively regulating resources”.</p> Summary <p>The participation of global electric vehicles in the electricity market has accelerated, and its mobile energy storage potential has been gradually realized through technology, policy and market mechanism innovation. China’s electric vehicle industry has scale and technological advantages. However, the power market mechanism and user participation mode need to learn from international experience, through the establishment of multi-dimensional access system, the optimization of time and space price mechanism, the design of cloud side collaborative control architecture, the establishment of battery life compensation and market incentive mechanism.</p>

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The Mechanisms of Electric Vehicle Integration into Electricity Market: A Comprehensive Review

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月10日

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  • Lihan Zhou,
  • Qi Wang,
  • Qian Tao,
  • Qinran Hu

摘要

Purpose of Review

With the acceleration of global energy transformation and great changes in the operation mode of power system, it is of great significance for electric vehicles to participate in the power market as flexible mobile energy storage units. This paper aims to systematically summarize its business model of participating in the electricity market, comprehensively review the global status and research progress, focus on the application of energy, ancillary services and demand response market, analyze the results and trends, discuss key technologies and put forward targeted strategic suggestions.

Recent Findings

The global pilot has verified the technical and economic efficiency of electric vehicles’ participation in power grid frequency and peak shaving; In terms of business model, the indirect participation model is better in resource integration efficiency and user income; Technically, machine learning load forecasting model and cloud side collaborative architecture help to optimize benefit distribution; Economically, research on battery life compensation and demand response incentive strategy promotes user participation; The multi-stage bidding of virtual power plants improves the consumption of renewable energy, and the dynamic electricity price guides the load transfer to promote green consumption, laying the foundation for its transformation from “passive load” to “actively regulating resources”.

Summary

The participation of global electric vehicles in the electricity market has accelerated, and its mobile energy storage potential has been gradually realized through technology, policy and market mechanism innovation. China’s electric vehicle industry has scale and technological advantages. However, the power market mechanism and user participation mode need to learn from international experience, through the establishment of multi-dimensional access system, the optimization of time and space price mechanism, the design of cloud side collaborative control architecture, the establishment of battery life compensation and market incentive mechanism.