A Flexible Lining Construction Method for Crossing Fault Zones: A Case Study—Tabriz Line 2 Metro Tunnel
摘要
In this paper, a method is introduced to construct a flexible tunnel lining that can have longitudinal and/or lateral deflection during the fault-zone movements. Although various solutions have been suggested in the last decades, utilizing a sufficient-economical construction method that can bring more safety to the lining has not been discussed. Constructing a more flexible tunnel lining can decrease ground-induced stresses. As a case of study, Tabriz line 2 urban subway intersection with Baghmisheh-chay fault has been discussed. The proposed construction method was successfully implemented in the project, and the settlement controlling results show an acceptable range of surface settlement magnitudes. In this paper, constructing the tunnel lining with flexible joint addition and foam concrete backfill in the reverse-fault zone is suggested. The tunnel lining displacement, concrete segment stability, and method sufficiency are identified through numerical modelings. Numerical modeling shows that this construction method can overcome ground-induced stresses up to 20 cm movement of the fault zone; in that case, total applied stress will be equal to 44.5 MPa, which is less than segments' designed strength. Using foam concrete injection as a ground stress damper and dowel connectors as flexible joints will achieve the aim of flexible lining construction in fault zones.