<p>The present study assesses the performance of large piled raft foundations under vertical loading situated in stratified soil. Using 3-dimensional finite element analysis, a parametric study was carried out varying pile length, pile spacing to diameter ratio, number of piles, and raft thickness. Results revealed that increasing pile length and number of piles reduced both average settlement and differential settlement, while a larger pile spacing to diameter ratio negatively impacted the performance due to reduced block action of the pile group. On the other hand, thickness of the raft showed an insignificant effect on average settlement but substantially reduces the differential settlement. Load carrying capacity was found to be increased with increasing pile length and number of piles, while increasing spacing reduces the load carrying capacity. However, raft thickness did not show any significant impact on bearing behaviour. The load proportion ratio, indicating load shared by piles and raft, increased with longer piles and more pile numbers, suggesting optimised load distribution. Analysis of skin resistance across soil layers revealed that corner and edge piles mobilise earlier and carry more load, while central piles exhibit variable behaviours, occasionally undergoing negative skin friction.</p>