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<p>This study investigates the mechanical response of a circular tunnel excavated under various initial anisotropic stress conditions. The results are presented in terms of ground reaction curves (GRC), the influence of the stiffness-to-strength ratio of the rock mass, and the evolution of radial and tangential stresses. For an in situ stress ratio (K₀, defined as the ratio of horizontal to vertical stress) less than 1, the maximum deformation and tangential stress are higher at the tunnel sidewall. Conversely, for K₀ &gt; 1, these effects are more pronounced at the tunnel crown, while the response is symmetric for K₀ = 1. The mechanisms for the observed behavior are discussed and supported by stress redistribution contour diagrams. Using the results, a statistical analysis is used to develop and validate a new, easy-to-use prediction equation for calculating tunnel strains at the sidewall and crown across a wide range of tunneling scenarios.</p>

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A Numerical Study on the Mechanical Response of Circular Tunnels Under Initial Anisotropic Stress Conditions

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月29日

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  • Anuj Adhikari,
  • Nishant Roy,
  • Shuvendu Narayan Patel,
  • Ankesh Kumar

摘要

This study investigates the mechanical response of a circular tunnel excavated under various initial anisotropic stress conditions. The results are presented in terms of ground reaction curves (GRC), the influence of the stiffness-to-strength ratio of the rock mass, and the evolution of radial and tangential stresses. For an in situ stress ratio (K₀, defined as the ratio of horizontal to vertical stress) less than 1, the maximum deformation and tangential stress are higher at the tunnel sidewall. Conversely, for K₀ > 1, these effects are more pronounced at the tunnel crown, while the response is symmetric for K₀ = 1. The mechanisms for the observed behavior are discussed and supported by stress redistribution contour diagrams. Using the results, a statistical analysis is used to develop and validate a new, easy-to-use prediction equation for calculating tunnel strains at the sidewall and crown across a wide range of tunneling scenarios.