<p>A framework for analyzing a double-line railway track reinforced with stone columns using a three-dimensional time-domain finite element model has been presented. The model comprised of a track consisting of rail, sleepers, embankment (ballast, subballast, and sand covering layer), and ground. A focused parametric study for unreinforced tracks on various track parameters indicated that subgrade elastic modulus and track spacing are the two most crucial factors influencing the response. The effect of subgrade reinforcement with stone columns, assessed using the settlement improvement factor, revealed a significant reduction in the settlement of the track. The parametric study examining subgrade elastic modulus, track spacing, length, and spacing to diameter ratio of stone columns showed a significant effect of these parameters, highlighting the need to optimize them. The optimum length and spacing-to-diameter ratio of stone columns were determined. Further, spacing-to-diameter ratio of stone columns corresponding to which the effectiveness of stone columns reduced was also worked out. The performance of double-line reinforced and unreinforced railway tracks was also estimated for running trains in opposite directions on adjacent tracks at different speeds. A reduction in the speed of one train was found to improve the performance of both cases of reinforced and unreinforced tracks.</p>