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<p>Waste tire-derived aggregate (TDA) is easily available and cheaper so, it can be used as retrofit material for disturbed sand surrounding tunnels under seismic excitation. The novel TDA retrofitted tunnel-sand-pile interaction (TSPI) model was tested by using the shake table under sinusoidal, Kobe, and Loma Prieta seismic loadings. The test was performed for the dry conditions of Sylhet sand with a relative density of 48%. Various frequencies and peak ground accelerations (PGAs) were considered during the test to evaluate the dynamic responses (i.e., strain, curvature, and displacement) of the tunnel. From the experimental test, the measured tunnel dynamic strain was 42.4% higher than the static strain. The TDA retrofitted sand surrounding the tunnel shows lower variations in tunnel responses compared to the previously published random and layered arrangements of the TDA. This happens due to the higher rate of absorption capacity of reflected waves from the rigid tunnel body by higher damped retrofitted TDA surrounding the tunnel. The dynamic lateral displacement of the tunnel is found to be 29.6% higher compared to the static loading. The proposed retrofit technique may be used in the real post-seismic assessment tunnel project to perform economic construction.</p>

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Dynamic Structural Responses of Tunnel Surrounding Disturbed Sand Retrofitted by Waste Tire–Derived Aggregate with Presence of Piles

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月1日

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  • Md. Foisal Haque,
  • Mehedi Ahmed Ansary,
  • Saif Ahmed Santo,
  • Md. Assaduzzaman,
  • Subinoy Biswas Nayan,
  • Mahabub Sadiq

摘要

Waste tire-derived aggregate (TDA) is easily available and cheaper so, it can be used as retrofit material for disturbed sand surrounding tunnels under seismic excitation. The novel TDA retrofitted tunnel-sand-pile interaction (TSPI) model was tested by using the shake table under sinusoidal, Kobe, and Loma Prieta seismic loadings. The test was performed for the dry conditions of Sylhet sand with a relative density of 48%. Various frequencies and peak ground accelerations (PGAs) were considered during the test to evaluate the dynamic responses (i.e., strain, curvature, and displacement) of the tunnel. From the experimental test, the measured tunnel dynamic strain was 42.4% higher than the static strain. The TDA retrofitted sand surrounding the tunnel shows lower variations in tunnel responses compared to the previously published random and layered arrangements of the TDA. This happens due to the higher rate of absorption capacity of reflected waves from the rigid tunnel body by higher damped retrofitted TDA surrounding the tunnel. The dynamic lateral displacement of the tunnel is found to be 29.6% higher compared to the static loading. The proposed retrofit technique may be used in the real post-seismic assessment tunnel project to perform economic construction.