Ultimate Bearing Capacity of Clay Soils Determined Using Finite Element Analysis and Derivative-based Cubic Regression

The purpose of this study is to develop an optimized method for determining the ultimate bearing capacity of clay soils, addressing the limitations of traditional methods such as those proposed by Terzaghi and Meyerhof, which often fail to account for modern infrastructure complexities. Utilizing finite element analysis and derivative-based cubic regression, this research integrates advanced computational techniques with rigorous laboratory testing. The methods include collecting clay soil samples, preprocessing them to ensure uniformity, and determining fundamental properties through standard geotechnical tests. Finite element simulations were performed to replicate realistic load conditions, and a cubic regression model was developed to map the relationship between applied load and vertical displacement. The results showed that the cubic regression model, with an R-squared value of 1, accurately predicted vertical displacement during load changes and the ultimate bearing capacity through the intersection of tangent lines at points of maximum and minimum displacement. This value aligns closely with those obtained from traditional formulas and other research, confirming the model’s reliability. This method enhances prediction accuracy while reducing costs compared to traditional field testing. Future research could validate this approach further across different soil types and loading conditions.