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<p>There is a solid evidence that polarization analysis of gravitational waves detected by LIGO-Virgo interferometers (Svidzinsky and Hilborn in Eur Phys J Spec Top 230:1149, 2021. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1140/epjs/s11734-021-00080-6">https://doi.org/10.1140/epjs/s11734-021-00080-6</a>) rules out general relativity in favor of vector theory of gravity (VG). Motivated by this result, we study charged leptons in the framework of VG, modeling leptons as bound states of the spinning gravitational and electromagnetic fields. We find nonsingular bound state solutions corresponding to the electron and muon, and, with no free parameters, obtain for their mass values 3% smaller than experimental result. We show that the 3% difference is consistent with the QED self-energy correction not included in our analysis. This striking agreement with experiment indicates that VG gives correct microscopic description of leptons. It also indicates that lepton mass has the gravitoelectromagnetic origin, rather than generated by the Higgs mechanism. We show that bound states describing the tau lepton and W boson appear if we include weak interaction. VG yields small value of particle’s mass on the Planck scale, because in VG, the spinning gravitational field can have negative energy density, which screens the large positive contribution to the mass from the electromagnetic field. Spin is what makes charged particles light. We also find a nonsingular bound state formed solely from the gravitational field, which is VG prediction for the dark matter particle. Moreover, we show that weak and Higgs boson fields naturally appear in VG as the fields restoring the gauge symmetry of gravity at low energy, and the emerging scalar particle has properties of the Higgs boson discovered in LHC. Finally, our theory predicts at least three new elementary particles heavier than 1 TeV in the electroweak sector.</p>

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Inner structure of leptons, nature of dark matter, and non-Higgs origin of elementary particle masses

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月25日

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  • Anatoly A. Svidzinsky

摘要

There is a solid evidence that polarization analysis of gravitational waves detected by LIGO-Virgo interferometers (Svidzinsky and Hilborn in Eur Phys J Spec Top 230:1149, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1140/epjs/s11734-021-00080-6) rules out general relativity in favor of vector theory of gravity (VG). Motivated by this result, we study charged leptons in the framework of VG, modeling leptons as bound states of the spinning gravitational and electromagnetic fields. We find nonsingular bound state solutions corresponding to the electron and muon, and, with no free parameters, obtain for their mass values 3% smaller than experimental result. We show that the 3% difference is consistent with the QED self-energy correction not included in our analysis. This striking agreement with experiment indicates that VG gives correct microscopic description of leptons. It also indicates that lepton mass has the gravitoelectromagnetic origin, rather than generated by the Higgs mechanism. We show that bound states describing the tau lepton and W boson appear if we include weak interaction. VG yields small value of particle’s mass on the Planck scale, because in VG, the spinning gravitational field can have negative energy density, which screens the large positive contribution to the mass from the electromagnetic field. Spin is what makes charged particles light. We also find a nonsingular bound state formed solely from the gravitational field, which is VG prediction for the dark matter particle. Moreover, we show that weak and Higgs boson fields naturally appear in VG as the fields restoring the gauge symmetry of gravity at low energy, and the emerging scalar particle has properties of the Higgs boson discovered in LHC. Finally, our theory predicts at least three new elementary particles heavier than 1 TeV in the electroweak sector.