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<p>High-performance hybrids of cacao tree (<i>Theobroma cacao</i> L.) are selected through the reciprocal crossing of two compatible parents. This study was planned to determine the effect of the pollen donor on compatibility, resistance to <i>Phytophthora megakarya</i> and beans biochemical quality in cacao. The experiment was conducted using a 4 × 4 diallel mating design with three replicates. The genetic variability of four parental genotypes and their twelve full-sib progenies was analysed by examining eight characters. Results showed that the highest compatibility percentages were recorded following controlled pollination, when SCA12 was utilized as a pollen donor (69.17 to 78.18%) or as a female clone (68.88 to 74.06%). The reciprocal cross between SCA12 and T79/467 produced the lowest disease symptoms. Only clone ICS40, used as a mother-tree or pollen donor, displayed more than 60% brown cotyledons after fermentation and drying, despite the fact that fully brown beans were the majority (70.21%) in ICS40 × SCA12. This was directly and strongly correlated with pH (<i>r</i>), FI (<i>r</i>), and amino acid content. The high heritability (both broad and narrow senses) coupled with high genetic gain would suggest the additive action of numerous genes. Furthermore, to improve our understanding of gene flow in the conventional breeding program, the impact of pollen grain origin would be helpful in determining the good combining ability of clones, including in consideration the genotype of the female parent.</p>

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Impact of pollen donors on compatibility, resistance to Phytophthora pod rot, and bean biochemical quality in cacao

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月17日

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  • Jude Manga Ndjaga,
  • Stéphane Ntsong Emene,
  • Samuel Arsène Ntyam Mendo,
  • Kevin Fabrice Paul Mandeng,
  • Marie Brigitte Rosine Ngah,
  • Kériane Carissa Makoukam Wochie,
  • Martine Louise Ondobo

摘要

High-performance hybrids of cacao tree (Theobroma cacao L.) are selected through the reciprocal crossing of two compatible parents. This study was planned to determine the effect of the pollen donor on compatibility, resistance to Phytophthora megakarya and beans biochemical quality in cacao. The experiment was conducted using a 4 × 4 diallel mating design with three replicates. The genetic variability of four parental genotypes and their twelve full-sib progenies was analysed by examining eight characters. Results showed that the highest compatibility percentages were recorded following controlled pollination, when SCA12 was utilized as a pollen donor (69.17 to 78.18%) or as a female clone (68.88 to 74.06%). The reciprocal cross between SCA12 and T79/467 produced the lowest disease symptoms. Only clone ICS40, used as a mother-tree or pollen donor, displayed more than 60% brown cotyledons after fermentation and drying, despite the fact that fully brown beans were the majority (70.21%) in ICS40 × SCA12. This was directly and strongly correlated with pH (r), FI (r), and amino acid content. The high heritability (both broad and narrow senses) coupled with high genetic gain would suggest the additive action of numerous genes. Furthermore, to improve our understanding of gene flow in the conventional breeding program, the impact of pollen grain origin would be helpful in determining the good combining ability of clones, including in consideration the genotype of the female parent.