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<p>This study evaluates the effects of organic mulching and shade netting on the resilience of <i>Punica granatum</i> L. cv. Rabab under heat and water stress in a semi-arid region (2021–2024). Rising temperatures and intense solar radiation have led to soil moisture depletion and reduced plant health, necessitating adaptive strategies. Experimental treatments included organic mulching (50% composted wood chips, 50% wheat straw), 30% shade netting, their combination, and a control. The combined treatment significantly improved leaf nutrient concentrations (N: +49.7%, P: +72.7%, K: +28.2%), leaf area (+ 20.7%), relative water content (+ 12.8%), and photosynthetic water use efficiency (+ 100.0%). Fruit set (+ 50.4%) and yield (+ 71.7%) were markedly enhanced. Additionally, fruit sunburn, cracking, and browning index decreased by 76.6%, 91.5%, and 70.0%, respectively. Canopy and soil temperatures dropped by 23.4% and 31.4%, mitigating heat stress. Principal component analysis (PCA) demonstrated that mulching and shade netting optimize physiological and nutrient responses, improving tree resilience. Economic analysis confirmed high returns on investment despite initial costs. These findings support the adoption of mulching and shade netting as effective strategies for sustaining pomegranate orchards under intense solar radiation, heat and water stress in arid and semi-arid climates.</p>

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Mulching and partial shading improve fruit quality, climate resilience, and water use efficiency in pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) under semi-arid conditions

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月4日

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  • Mohammad Saeed Tadayon,
  • Seyed Majid Mousavi,
  • Seyed Mashaallah Hosseini,
  • Sohrab Sadeghi

摘要

This study evaluates the effects of organic mulching and shade netting on the resilience of Punica granatum L. cv. Rabab under heat and water stress in a semi-arid region (2021–2024). Rising temperatures and intense solar radiation have led to soil moisture depletion and reduced plant health, necessitating adaptive strategies. Experimental treatments included organic mulching (50% composted wood chips, 50% wheat straw), 30% shade netting, their combination, and a control. The combined treatment significantly improved leaf nutrient concentrations (N: +49.7%, P: +72.7%, K: +28.2%), leaf area (+ 20.7%), relative water content (+ 12.8%), and photosynthetic water use efficiency (+ 100.0%). Fruit set (+ 50.4%) and yield (+ 71.7%) were markedly enhanced. Additionally, fruit sunburn, cracking, and browning index decreased by 76.6%, 91.5%, and 70.0%, respectively. Canopy and soil temperatures dropped by 23.4% and 31.4%, mitigating heat stress. Principal component analysis (PCA) demonstrated that mulching and shade netting optimize physiological and nutrient responses, improving tree resilience. Economic analysis confirmed high returns on investment despite initial costs. These findings support the adoption of mulching and shade netting as effective strategies for sustaining pomegranate orchards under intense solar radiation, heat and water stress in arid and semi-arid climates.