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Purpose <p>By analyzing indicators such as Gross Domestic Product (GDP), trade volume, Human Development Index (HDI), internet usage, high-technology exports, and patent registrations, the research seeks to identify the key determinants that support sustainable entrepreneurial activities. These determinants are used since they collectively indicate a country’s economic capability, human development, technological progress, and innovation potential, all of which are structural to sustainable entrepreneurial activities.</p> Research methodology <p> Employing partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM), this study evaluates data from 47 nations.</p> Findings <p> The analysis indicates that higher GDP, increased trade volumes, elevated HDI scores, widespread internet access, substantial high-technology exports, and a larger number of patent registrations significantly enhance sustainable entrepreneurial activities.</p> Research limitations <p> The scope of the study is limited to 47 countries, which may restrict the generalizability of the findings to other regions. Furthermore, the use of national-level indicators may overlook subnational variations and nuances that could affect sustainable entrepreneurship.</p> Practical implication <p> Policymakers aiming to nurture sustainable entrepreneurship should focus on enhancing economic performance, improving social development, and advancing technological infrastructure. Strategies may include investing in education to boost HDI, expanding internet accessibility, promoting high-tech industries to increase exports, and supporting research and development to stimulate patent registrations.</p> Originality value <p> This study adds to the theoretical understanding of sustainable entrepreneurship by providing empirical evidence on the combined effects of economic, social, and technological factors across multiple countries. The findings offer valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders seeking to advance sustainable entrepreneurial initiatives globally.</p>

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Economic, social, and technological factors of sustainable entrepreneurship: a cross-country PLS-SEM analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月21日

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  • Muhammad Faizan,
  • Ishtiaq Ahmad,
  • Abubakr Saeed,
  • Hassan Raza

摘要

Purpose

By analyzing indicators such as Gross Domestic Product (GDP), trade volume, Human Development Index (HDI), internet usage, high-technology exports, and patent registrations, the research seeks to identify the key determinants that support sustainable entrepreneurial activities. These determinants are used since they collectively indicate a country’s economic capability, human development, technological progress, and innovation potential, all of which are structural to sustainable entrepreneurial activities.

Research methodology

Employing partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM), this study evaluates data from 47 nations.

Findings

The analysis indicates that higher GDP, increased trade volumes, elevated HDI scores, widespread internet access, substantial high-technology exports, and a larger number of patent registrations significantly enhance sustainable entrepreneurial activities.

Research limitations

The scope of the study is limited to 47 countries, which may restrict the generalizability of the findings to other regions. Furthermore, the use of national-level indicators may overlook subnational variations and nuances that could affect sustainable entrepreneurship.

Practical implication

Policymakers aiming to nurture sustainable entrepreneurship should focus on enhancing economic performance, improving social development, and advancing technological infrastructure. Strategies may include investing in education to boost HDI, expanding internet accessibility, promoting high-tech industries to increase exports, and supporting research and development to stimulate patent registrations.

Originality value

This study adds to the theoretical understanding of sustainable entrepreneurship by providing empirical evidence on the combined effects of economic, social, and technological factors across multiple countries. The findings offer valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders seeking to advance sustainable entrepreneurial initiatives globally.