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Purpose of Review <p>This review explores the emerging field of oncolytic virotherapy as a novel approach to cancer immunotherapy. It focuses on how oncolytic viruses are engineered to selectively target and destroy cancer cells while enhancing anti-tumour immune responses. The review aims to highlight strategies used to optimize viral selectivity and reduce virulence for safer and more effective clinical applications.</p> Recent Findings <p>Oncolytic viruses not only directly lyse tumour cells but also transform immunologically ‘cold’ tumour microenvironments into ‘hot’, immunogenic ones. Although the tumour-fighting potential of viruses has been recognized in 1904, clinical interest increased significantly after the approvals of Rigvir (2004) and Oncorine (2005). Since then, numerous genetic engineering techniques have been developed to enhance the safety and efficacy of these viruses. Ongoing pre-clinical and clinical trials are evaluating their potential against various solid tumours.</p> Summary <p>Oncolytic virotherapy represents a promising and evolving cancer treatment strategy. By combining tumour selectivity with immune activation, these engineered viruses offer a dual mechanism of action. Continued advancements in viral design and clinical research may soon position oncolytic viruses as key tools in modern cancer therapy.</p>

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Oncolytic Virotherapy- A treatment With Dual Anti-Tumour Effect

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月3日

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  • Ashikabanu M R,
  • Kamalalakshmi Viswanathan,
  • Santosh Kumar,
  • Shazia Jamal,
  • Neesar Ahmed

摘要

Purpose of Review

This review explores the emerging field of oncolytic virotherapy as a novel approach to cancer immunotherapy. It focuses on how oncolytic viruses are engineered to selectively target and destroy cancer cells while enhancing anti-tumour immune responses. The review aims to highlight strategies used to optimize viral selectivity and reduce virulence for safer and more effective clinical applications.

Recent Findings

Oncolytic viruses not only directly lyse tumour cells but also transform immunologically ‘cold’ tumour microenvironments into ‘hot’, immunogenic ones. Although the tumour-fighting potential of viruses has been recognized in 1904, clinical interest increased significantly after the approvals of Rigvir (2004) and Oncorine (2005). Since then, numerous genetic engineering techniques have been developed to enhance the safety and efficacy of these viruses. Ongoing pre-clinical and clinical trials are evaluating their potential against various solid tumours.

Summary

Oncolytic virotherapy represents a promising and evolving cancer treatment strategy. By combining tumour selectivity with immune activation, these engineered viruses offer a dual mechanism of action. Continued advancements in viral design and clinical research may soon position oncolytic viruses as key tools in modern cancer therapy.