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<p>This review synthesizes evidence on differences in health-related physical fitness between children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder and neurotypically developing peers. Data sources comprised PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ERIC, and SPORTDiscus through September 2025. Comparative studies reporting muscular strength, cardiorespiratory fitness, or flexibility were eligible. Nineteen studies were included (<i>n</i> = 1607; 678 with autism, 929 controls). Random-effects meta-analyses showed lower performance in autism across outcomes: handgrip strength; Standing broad jump test; Curl-ups test; Cardiorespiratory fitness; Sit-and-Reach. The results indicate that children and adolescents with autism manifest lower health-related physical fitness than peers with neurotypical development. Future research should adopt longitudinal designs and standardized protocols to refine trajectories and inform intervention targets.</p>

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Health-Related Physical Fitness in Children and Adolescents with ASD Compared to Neurotypically Developing Peers: Evidence From a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月12日

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  • Nerea Blanco-Martínez,
  • Daniel González-Devesa,
  • Rocío Carballo-Afonso,
  • José Carlos Diz-Gómez,
  • Carlos Ayán-Pérez

摘要

This review synthesizes evidence on differences in health-related physical fitness between children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder and neurotypically developing peers. Data sources comprised PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ERIC, and SPORTDiscus through September 2025. Comparative studies reporting muscular strength, cardiorespiratory fitness, or flexibility were eligible. Nineteen studies were included (n = 1607; 678 with autism, 929 controls). Random-effects meta-analyses showed lower performance in autism across outcomes: handgrip strength; Standing broad jump test; Curl-ups test; Cardiorespiratory fitness; Sit-and-Reach. The results indicate that children and adolescents with autism manifest lower health-related physical fitness than peers with neurotypical development. Future research should adopt longitudinal designs and standardized protocols to refine trajectories and inform intervention targets.